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(with rod also)

Толкование Перевод

1 fish

1. noun, pl. same
1) Fisch, der

fish and chips — Fisch mit Pommes frites

[be] like a fish out of water — [sich] wie ein Fisch auf dem Trockenen [fühlen]

there are plenty more fish in the sea — (fig. coll.) es gibt noch andere auf der Welt

2) (coll.): (person)

queer fish — komischer Kauz

big fish — großes Tier (ugs., scherzh.)
2. intransitive verb
1) fischen; (with rod) angeln

go fishing — fischen/angeln gehen

2) (fig. coll.) (try to get information) auf Informationen aus sein; (delve)

fish around in one's bag — in der Tasche herumsuchen
3. transitive verb
fischen; (with rod) angeln

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/87051/fish_for">fish for

- fish out

* * *

plurals; see fish

* * *

fish

[fɪʃ]

I. n

<pl - es or ->

1. (animal) Fisch m

2. no pl (as food) Fisch m

3. (person)

a cold \fish ein kalter Fisch fam o pej

an odd [or queer] \fish ein komischer Kauz

4. TECH (fastener) Lasche f

5.

▶ to have bigger [or other] \fish to fry Wichtigeres [o Besseres] zu tun haben

▶ to drink like a \fish wie ein Loch saufen fam

▶ there are [plenty] more \fish in the sea (a lot of other people) es gibt noch andere auf der Welt; (a lot of other opportunities) es gibt noch andere Möglichkeiten auf der Welt

▶ to be a small \fish in a big pond nur einer von vielen sein

▶ like a \fish out of water wie ein Fisch auf dem Trockenen

II. vi

1. (catch fish) fischen; (with rod) angeln

to \fish for bass/perch/trout auf Barsche/Flussbarsche/Forellen angeln fachspr, nach Barschen/Flussbarschen/Forellen fischen ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ

2. (look for)

▪ to \fish in sth in etw dat herumsuchen

she \fished in her purse for the keys sie kramte in ihrer Handtasche nach den Schlüsseln

▪ to \fish for sth ( fig) nach etw dat suchen

he \fished for information on her whereabouts er ist auf Informationen über ihren Aufenthaltsort aus

to \fish for compliments sich dat gerne Komplimente machen lassen

3.

▶ to \fish or cut bait AM (decide) eine Entscheidung fällen; (marry) sich akk für jdn entscheiden

▶ to \fish in troubled waters im Trüben fischen

III. vt

to heavily \fish a lake/ocean/sea einen See/Ozean/ein Meer intensiv befischen

* * *
[fɪʃ]
1. n pl - or ( esp for different types) -es
Fisch m
fish and chips — Fisch und Pommes frites

to drink like a fish (inf) — wie ein Loch saufen (inf)

to have other fish to fry (fig inf) — Wichtigeres zu tun haben

like a fish out of water — wie ein Fisch auf dem Trockenen

neither fish nor fowl (fig) — weder Fisch noch Fleisch

he's a queer fish ( Brit inf ) — er ist ein komischer Kauz

there are plenty more fish in the sea (fig inf) — es gibt noch mehr (davon) auf der Welt

he's a big fish in a small or little pond — er ist ein großes Tier am Ort (inf)

a little fish in a big pond — nur einer von vielen

The Fishes (Astron) — die Fische pl

2. vi
fischen; (with rod also) angeln
to go fishing — fischen/angeln gehen

to go salmon fishing — auf Lachsfang gehen

3. vt
fischen; (with rod also) angeln
to fish a river —

to fish a river dry — einen Fluss abfischen

* * *

fish [fıʃ]

A pl fish, (besonders Fischarten) fishes s

1. Fisch m:

fish of prey Raubfisch;

there are as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it es gibt noch mehr (davon) auf der Welt;

all’s fish that comes to his net er nimmt (unbesehen) alles (mit);

he drinks like a fish umg ‚er säuft wie ein Loch;

he feels like a fish out of water umg er fühlt sich wie ein Fisch auf dem Trockenen;

I have other fish to fry umg ich habe Wichtigeres oder Besseres zu tun;

neither fish, nor flesh nor good red herring umg, neither fish nor fowl umg weder Fisch noch Fleisch, nichts Halbes und nichts Ganzes;

there are plenty more fish in the sea umg es gibt noch mehr Jungen oder Mädchen auf der Welt;

can a fish swim? umg dumme Frage!; → feed A 1, kettle 1

2. Fishes pl ASTROL Fische pl (Tierkreiszeichen)

3. umg Vogel m pej, Kerl m:

a loose fish ein lockerer Vogel;

a queer fish ein komischer Kauz

4. BAHN, TECH Lasche f

B v/t

1. fischen, (mit der Angel) angeln

2. a) fischen oder angeln in (dat):

fish a river

b) einen Fluss etc abfischen, absuchen:

fish out ( oder dry) abfischen, leer fischen ( → B 3);

fish up jemanden auffischen, retten

3. fig fischen, holen, ziehen ( alle:

from, out of aus):

fish out heraus-, hervorholen oder -ziehen ( → B 2)

4. BAHN, TECH verlaschen

C v/i

1. fischen, Fische fangen, angeln:

fish for fischen oder angeln (auf akk);

fish or cut bait! US umg entweder - oder!; → muddy A 1, troubled 1

2. auch fish about ( oder around) kramen ( for nach):

he fished in his pocket

3. fish for fig

a) fischen nach:

fish for compliments,

b) aus sein auf (akk):

fish for information

* * *
1. noun, pl. same
1) Fisch, der

fish and chips — Fisch mit Pommes frites

[be] like a fish out of water — [sich] wie ein Fisch auf dem Trockenen [fühlen]

there are plenty more fish in the sea — (fig. coll.) es gibt noch andere auf der Welt

2) (coll.): (person)

queer fish — komischer Kauz

big fish — großes Tier (ugs., scherzh.)
2. intransitive verb
1) fischen; (with rod) angeln

go fishing — fischen/angeln gehen

2) (fig. coll.) (try to get information) auf Informationen aus sein; (delve)

fish around in one's bag — in der Tasche herumsuchen
3. transitive verb
fischen; (with rod) angeln

Phrasal Verbs:

- fish for

- fish out

* * *

n.

Fisch -e m. v.

angeln v.

fischen v.

English-german dictionary > fish
2 fish for

transitive verb

1) fischen/angeln; fischen/angeln auf (+ Akk.) (Anglerjargon)

2) (fig. coll.) suchen nach

* * *

vi +prep obj

1) (lit) fischen; (with rod also) angeln

2) (fig) compliments fischen nach

they were fishing for information — sie waren auf Informationen aus

* * *

transitive verb

1) fischen/angeln; fischen/angeln auf (+ Akk.) (Anglerjargon)

2) (fig. coll.) suchen nach

English-german dictionary > fish for
3 ruby

'ru:bi
plural - rubies; noun

1) (a kind of deep red precious stone: a ring set with rubies; ( also adjective) a ruby necklace.) rubin

2) (( also adjective) (of) its colour: a ruby dress.) rubinrød(t)

rubin
--------
rød

I
subst. \/ˈruːbɪ\/

1) ( mineralogi) rubin

2) ( i ur) rubin, stein

3) rubinrødt

4) ( også ruby port) rød portvin

5) ( typografi) agat (5 1\/2-punkters stilgrad)
II
verb \/ˈruːbɪ\/

( farge) rubinrød
III
adj. \/ˈruːbɪ\/

rubinrød, rubin-, rubinfarget

ruby lips ( poetisk) rubinrøde lepper, rosenmunn

• he kissed the girl with the ruby lips

han kysset piken med de rubinrøde leppene

English-Norwegian dictionary > ruby
4 ruby

adj. röd
--------
n. rubin (ädelsten)

* * *
['ru:bi]
plural - rubies; noun

1) (a kind of deep red precious stone: a ring set with rubies; ( also adjective) a ruby necklace.) rubin

2) (( also adjective) (of) its colour: a ruby dress.) rubinrött

English-Swedish dictionary > ruby
5 spare

1. adjective
1) (not in use) übrig

spare time/moment — Freizeit, die/freier Augenblick

there is one spare seat — ein Platz ist noch frei

are there any spare tickets for Friday? — gibt es noch Karten für Freitag?

2) (for use when needed) zusätzlich, Extra[bett, -tasse]

spare room — Gästezimmer, das

go spare — (Brit. coll.): (be very angry) durchdrehen (salopp)
2. noun
Ersatzteil, das/-reifen, der usw.
3. transitive verb
1) (do without) entbehren

can you spare me a moment? — hast du einen Augenblick Zeit für mich?

we arrived with ten minutes to spare — wir kamen zehn Minuten früher an

2) (not inflict on)

spare somebody something — jemandem etwas ersparen

3) (not hurt) [ver]schonen

4) (fail to use)

not spare any expense/pains or efforts — keine Kosten/Mühe scheuen

no expense spared — an nichts gespart. See also academic.ru/62742/rod">rod 3)

* * *
[speə] 1. verb
1) (to manage without: No-one can be spared from this office.) verschonen

2) (to afford or set aside for a purpose: I can't spare the time for a holiday.) erübrigen

3) (to treat with mercy; to avoid injuring etc: `Spare us!' they begged.) verschonen

4) (to avoid causing grief, trouble etc to (a person): Break the news gently in order to spare her as much as possible.) ersparen

5) (to avoid using, spending etc: He spared no expense in his desire to help us.) sparen

6) (to avoid troubling (a person with something); to save( a person trouble etc): I answered the letter myself in order to spare you the bother.) ersparen
2. adjective
1) (extra; not actually being used: We haven't a spare (bed) room for guests in our house.) Ersatz-...

2) ((of time etc) free for leisure etc: What do you do in your spare time?) die Freizeit
3. noun
1) (a spare part (for a car etc): They sell spares at that garage.) das Ersatzteil

2) (an extra wheel etc, kept for emergencies.) der Reservereifen

•

- sparing
- sparingly
- spare part
- spare rib
- and to spare
- to spare
* * *

spare

[speəʳ, AM sper]

I. vt

1. (not kill)

▪ to \spare sb jdn verschonen

2. (go easy on)

▪ to \spare sb jdn schonen

▪ to not \spare oneself [in sth] ( form) sich akk selbst [bei etw dat] nicht schonen

to \spare sb's feelings jds Gefühle schonen, Rücksicht auf jds Gefühle nehmen

3. (avoid)

▪ to \spare sb sth jdm etw ersparen

the government troops have been \spared loss of life bis jetzt sind den Regierungstruppen Verluste [an Menschenleben] erspart geblieben

\spare us the suspense and tell us who won the first prize spann uns nicht auf die Folter und erzähl uns, wer den ersten Preis gewonnen hat

to \spare sb embarrassment/worry jdm Peinlichkeiten/Sorgen ersparen

4. (not use)

▪ to \spare sth mit etw dat sparen

to \spare no costs [or expense] keine Kosten scheuen

to \spare no effort[s] [or pains] [in sth] [bei etw dat] keine Mühen scheuen

5. (do without)

▪ to \spare sb/sth jdn/etw entbehren, auf jdn/etw verzichten

can you \spare one of those apples? kannst du mir einen dieser Äpfel geben?

to \spare room for sth für etw akk Platz [frei] haben

to have sth to \spare etw übrig haben

6. (make free)

there's no time to \spare es ist keine Zeit übrig

to \spare [the] time [for sth] Zeit [für etw akk] übrig haben

to not have time to \spare keine Zeit zu verlieren haben

7. (give)

▪ to \spare sb sth jdm etw geben

could you \spare me £10 [or £10 for me]? kannst du mir 10 Pfund leihen?

to \spare a thought for sb an jdn denken

8.

▶ to \spare sb's blushes BRIT jdn nicht in Verlegenheit bringen

▶ to \spare one's breath ( iron) sich dat die Worte sparen

▶ \spare the rod and spoil the child ( prov) wer mit der Rute spart, verzieht das Kind prov

▶ to \spare übrig haben

I caught the plane with only two minutes to \spare ich erreichte das Flugzeug zwei Minuten vor dem Abflug

II. adj

1. inv (extra) Ersatz-

all children should bring a \spare set of clothes alle Kinder sollten Kleider zum Wechseln mitbringen

is this seat \spare? ist dieser Platz noch frei?

\spare [bed]room Gästezimmer nt

to have some \spare cash noch etwas Geld übrig haben

\spare key Ersatzschlüssel m

to have a \spare minute [or moment] einen Moment Zeit haben

to be going \spare BRIT ( fam) übrig bleiben

do you want this piece of cake? — yes, if it's going \spare willst du dieses Stück Kuchen? — ja, wenn es sonst keiner will

2. ( liter: thin) hager

\spare build hagerer Körperbau

3. ( liter: meagre) mager

to survive on a \spare diet mit dürftiger Kost auskommen

\spare meal mageres Essen

4. ( usu approv liter: modest) einfach

the room was \spare in design der Raum war sparsam ausgestattet

5. inv BRIT (sl: crazy)

to drive sb \spare jdn wahnsinnig machen fam

to go \spare durchdrehen sl

III. n

1. (reserve) Reserve f

I seem to have lost my key but luckily I always carry a \spare ich habe wohl meinen Schlüssel verloren, aber glücklicherweise trage ich immer einen Ersatzschlüssel bei mir

2. (parts)

▪ \spares pl Ersatzteile pl

* * *
[spɛə(r)]
1. adj

1) den/die/das man nicht braucht, übrig pred; (= surplus) überzählig, übrig pred

spare bed — Gästebett nt

have you any spare string?, have you any string spare? — kannst du mir (einen) Bindfaden geben?, hast du (einen) Bindfaden für mich?

I can give you a racket/pencil, I have a spare one — ich kann dir einen Schläger/Bleistift geben, ich habe noch einen or ich habe einen übrig

take a spare pen in case that one doesn't work — nehmen Sie noch einen Füller mit, falls dieser nicht funktioniert

take some spare clothes — nehmen Sie Kleider zum Wechseln mit

it's all the spare cash I have —

if you have any spare cash — wenn Sie Geld übrig haben

should you have any spare time or a spare minute — sollten Sie Zeit (übrig) haben

when you have a few spare minutes or a few minutes spare —

we have two spare seats — wir haben zwei Plätze übrig

I still have one spare place in the car — ich habe noch einen Platz im Auto (frei)

there are two seats (going) spare — es sind noch zwei Plätze frei

2) (= thin) hager; (= meagre) dürftig

3)

to drive sb spare (inf) — jdn wahnsinnig machen (inf)

to go spare — durchdrehen (inf), wild werden (inf)

2. n
Ersatzteil nt; (= tyre) Reserverad nt
3. vt

1) usu neg (= grudge, use sparingly) sparen mit; expense, pains, effort scheuen

don't spare the horses (hum) — steig aufs Gas (inf)

we must spare no effort in trying to finish this job —

there was no expense spared in building this hotel — beim Bau dieses Hotels ist an nichts gespart worden or hat man keine Kosten gescheut

no expense spared — es wurden keine Kosten gescheut

she doesn't spare herself — sie schont sich nicht

spare the rod and spoil the child (prov) — wer mit der Rute spart, verzieht das Kind (Prov)

2) (= give) money etc übrig haben; space, room frei haben; time (übrig) haben

to spare sb sth — jdm etw überlassen or geben; money jdm etw geben

can you spare the time to do it? — haben Sie Zeit, das zu machen?

I can spare you five minutes —

can you spare a penny for a poor old man? — haben Sie einen Groschen für einen armen alten Mann?

there is none to spare — es ist keine(r, s) übrig

to have sth to spare —

there's enough and to spare — es ist mehr als genug da

to have a few minutes/hours to spare — ein paar Minuten/Stunden Zeit haben

I got to the theatre/airport with two minutes to spare — ich war zwei Minuten vor Beginn der Vorstellung im Theater/vor Abflug am Flughafen

3) (= do without) person, object entbehren, verzichten auf (+acc)

I can't spare him/it — ich kann ihn/es nicht entbehren, ich kann auf ihn/es nicht verzichten, ich brauche ihn/es unbedingt

can you spare this for a moment? — brauchst du das gerade?, kannst du das im Moment entbehren?

if you can spare it — wenn Sie es nicht brauchen

to spare a thought for sb/sth — an jdn/etw denken

4) (= show mercy to) verschonen; (= refrain from upsetting) sb, sb's feelings schonen

the fire spared nothing —

the soldiers spared no-one — die Soldaten verschonten keinen

if we're spared — wenn wir (dann) noch leben

to spare sb's life — jds Leben verschonen

5)

(= save) to spare sb/oneself sth — jdm/sich etw ersparen

spare me the gory details — verschone mich mit den grausigen Einzelheiten

to spare him any embarrassment — um ihn nicht in Verlegenheit zu bringen

he has been spared the ordeal of seeing her again — es blieb ihm erspart, sie noch einmal sehen zu müssen

* * *

spare [speə(r)]

A v/t

1. jemanden oder etwas verschonen, einen Gegner, jemandes Gefühle, jemandes Leben schonen:

(not) spare o.s. sich (nicht) schonen;

spare his blushes bring ihn doch nicht in Verlegenheit!

2. sparsam oder schonend umgehen mit, schonen:

don’t spare the paint spar nicht mit (der) Farbe; → effort 1, expense Bes Redew, pain A 3, rod 3

3. jemandem etwas ersparen, jemanden verschonen mit:

spare me the trouble erspare mir die Mühe;

spare me these explanations verschone mich mit diesen Erklärungen

4. jemanden entbehren

5. etwas entbehren, erübrigen, übrig haben:

can you spare me a cigarette (a moment)? hast du eine Zigarette (einen Augenblick Zeit) für mich (übrig)?;

have no time to spare keine Zeit (zu verlieren) haben; → enough B

B v/i sparsam leben

C adj

1. Ersatz…, Reserve…:

spare tire (bes Br tyre)

a) Reserve-, Ersatzreifen m

b) Br umg hum Rettungsring m (Fettwulst um die Hüfte);

spare part → D 1;

spare-part surgery MED Ersatzteilchirurgie f;

spare wheel Reserve-, Ersatzrad n; you can have my biro, I’ve got a spare one ich hab noch einen

2. überflüssig, -schüssig, übrig:

do you have five spare minutes? haben Sie fünf Minuten Zeit (übrig)?;

spare moment freier Augenblick;

spare room Gästezimmer n;

spare time ( oder hours pl) Freizeit f;

spare-time activities pl Freizeitgestaltung f

3. sparsam, kärglich

4. sparsam (Person)

5. mager (Person)

6. Br sl drive sb spare

a) jemanden auf die Palme bringen,

b) jemanden verrückt machen ( with mit);

go spare auf die Palme gehen

D s

1. TECH Ersatzteil n/m

2. Reserve-, Ersatzreifen m

3. Bowling: Spare m (Abräumen mit 2 Würfen)

* * *
1. adjective
1) (not in use) übrig

spare time/moment — Freizeit, die/freier Augenblick

there is one spare seat — ein Platz ist noch frei

are there any spare tickets for Friday? — gibt es noch Karten für Freitag?

2) (for use when needed) zusätzlich, Extra[bett, -tasse]

spare room — Gästezimmer, das

go spare — (Brit. coll.): (be very angry) durchdrehen (salopp)
2. noun
Ersatzteil, das/-reifen, der usw.
3. transitive verb
1) (do without) entbehren

can you spare me a moment? — hast du einen Augenblick Zeit für mich?

we arrived with ten minutes to spare — wir kamen zehn Minuten früher an

2) (not inflict on)

spare somebody something — jemandem etwas ersparen

3) (not hurt) [ver]schonen

4) (fail to use)

not spare any expense/pains or efforts — keine Kosten/Mühe scheuen

no expense spared — an nichts gespart. See also rod 3)

* * *

adj.

frei adj.

übrig adj. v.

entbehren v.

erübrigen v.

jemandem etwas ersparen ausdr.

jemanden verschonen ausdr.

schonen v.

sparen v.

verschonen v.

übrig haben ausdr.

English-german dictionary > spare
6 bow

I 1. verb
1) (to bend (the head and often also the upper part of the body) forwards in greeting a person etc: He bowed to the ladies; They bowed their heads in prayer.) bukke

2) ((with to) to accept: I bow to your superior knowledge.) bøje sig for
2. noun
(a bowing movement: He made a bow to the ladies.) buk

- bowed
II 1. [bəu] noun
1) (a springy curved rod bent by a string, by which arrows are shot.) bue; flitsbue

2) (a rod with horsehair stretched along it, by which the strings of a violin etc are sounded.) bue

3) (a looped knot of material: Her dress is decorated with bows.) sløjfe
2. noun
((often in plural) the front of a ship or boat: The waves broke over the bows.) forstavn; bov

* * *
I 1. verb
1) (to bend (the head and often also the upper part of the body) forwards in greeting a person etc: He bowed to the ladies; They bowed their heads in prayer.) bukke

2) ((with to) to accept: I bow to your superior knowledge.) bøje sig for
2. noun
(a bowing movement: He made a bow to the ladies.) buk

- bowed
II 1. [bəu] noun
1) (a springy curved rod bent by a string, by which arrows are shot.) bue; flitsbue

2) (a rod with horsehair stretched along it, by which the strings of a violin etc are sounded.) bue

3) (a looped knot of material: Her dress is decorated with bows.) sløjfe
2. noun
((often in plural) the front of a ship or boat: The waves broke over the bows.) forstavn; bov

English-Danish dictionary > bow
7 bow

I
1.
verb
1) (to bend (the head and often also the upper part of the body) forwards in greeting a person etc: He bowed to the ladies; They bowed their heads in prayer.) inclinar(se), hacer una reverencia

2) ((with to) to accept: I bow to your superior knowledge.) ceder ante, transigir con

2. noun
(a bowing movement: He made a bow to the ladies.) inclinación, reverencia

- bowed

II
1. bəu noun
1) (a springy curved rod bent by a string, by which arrows are shot.)

2) (a rod with horsehair stretched along it, by which the strings of a violin etc are sounded.) arco

3) (a looped knot of material: Her dress is decorated with bows.) arco

2.
noun
((often in plural) the front of a ship or boat: The waves broke over the bows.)

bow¹ n

1. arco

bow and arrow arco y flecha

you play a violin with a bow el violín se toca con un arco

2. lazo

he tied his laces in a bow ató los cordones de los zapatos en un lazo

Se pronuncia más o menos bou

bow² n

1. proa

the bow of the ship la proa del barco

2. reverencia

he made a bow hizo una reverencia

Se pronuncia más o menos bau

bow³ vb

1. inclinarse / hacer una reverencia

he bowed to the Queen le hizo una reverencia a la reina

2. inclinar

she bowed her head inclinó la cabeza

Se pronuncia más o menos bau

bow

tr[baʊ]

noun

1 SMALLMARITIME/SMALL proa

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

a shot across the bows un aviso

————————

bow

tr[baʊ]

noun

1 (with body) reverencia

transitive verb

1 inclinar

■ he bowed his head inclinó la cabeza

intransitive verb

1 (in respect) inclinarse, hacer una reverencia

intransitive verb to bow to

1 figurative use (submit) someterse a

■ he had to bow to their wishes tuvo que someterse a sus deseos

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to bow down inclinarse

to bow and scrape (to somebody) hacer la pelota (a alguien)

————————

bow

tr[bəʊ]

noun

1 (for arrows) arco

2 (of violin) arco

3 (knot) lazo

transitive verb

1 (cause to bend) arquear, doblar

intransitive verb

1 (violin) pasar el arco (por las cuerdas)

2 (wall) arquearse, combarse

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

bow saw sierra de arco

bow ['baʊ] vi

1) : hacer una reverencia, inclinarse

2) submit: ceder, resignarse, someterse

bow vt

1) lower: inclinar, bajar

2) bend: doblar

bow ['baʊ:] n

1) bowing: reverencia f, inclinación f

2) : proa f (de un barco)

bow ['bo:] vi

curve: arquearse, doblarse

bow ['bo:] n

1) arch, curve: arco m, curva f

2) : arco m (arma o vara para tocar varios instrumentos de música)

3) : lazo m, moño m

to tie a bow: hacer un moño

bow (Archery)

n.

• arco s.m. (Ship)

n.

• proa s.f. (Textile)

n.

• lazo (Textil) s.m.

n.

• cortesía s.f.

• inclinación s.f.

• reverencia s.f.

• saludo s.m.

v.

• acodillar v.

• agobiar v.

• arquear v.

• doblar v.

• humillar v.

• inclinar v.

• inclinarse v.

I baʊ
noun

1) ( movement) reverencia f

the actress took a bow — la actriz salió a saludar al público/hizo una reverencia

2) ( of ship) (often pl) proa f

II
1. baʊ
intransitive verb hacer* una reverencia

to bow to somebody — hacerle* una reverencia a alguien, inclinarse ante alguien

to bow to something: we must bow to her experience debemos tratarla con la deferencia que su experiencia merece; they bowed to government pressure — cedieron ante la presión del gobierno

2.

vt \<\<head\>\> inclinar, agachar

Phrasal Verbs:

- bow down

- bow out

III bəʊ
noun

1) ( knot) lazo m, moño m (esp AmL)

to tie a bow — hacer* un lazo (or moño etc)

to tie something in a bow — hacer* un lazo (or moño etc) con algo

2) ( weapon) arco m

bow and arrow — arco y flecha

3) ( Mus) arco m

IV
1. bəʊ
intransitive verb \<\<branch/plank\>\> arquearse, doblarse, pandearse (esp AmL)

2.

vt \<\<branch/beam\>\> arquear

I [bǝʊ]
1. N

1) (=weapon) (also Mus) arco m

bow and arrow — arco m y flechas

2) (=knot) lazo m

to tie a bow — hacer un lazo

2.

CPD

bow legs NPL — piernas fpl arqueadas

bow tie N — pajarita f

bow window N — mirador m, ventana f salediza

II [baʊ]
1.

N (=greeting) reverencia f

to make a bow — inclinarse (to delante de); hacer una reverencia (to a)

to make one's bow — presentarse, debutar

to take a bow — salir a agradecer los aplausos, salir a saludar

2. VT

1) (=lower) [+ head] inclinar, bajar

2) (=bend) [+ back] encorvar, doblar; [+ branches] inclinar, doblar

3)

to bow one's thanks — inclinarse en señal de agradecimiento

3. VI

1) (in greeting) inclinarse (to delante de); hacer una reverencia (to a)

- bow and scrape

2) (=bend) [branch etc] arquearse, doblarse

to bow beneath — (fig) estar agobiado por

3) (fig) (=yield) inclinarse or ceder (to ante)

to bow to the inevitable — resignarse a lo inevitable

- bow down

- bow out

III [baʊ]
1.

N (Naut) (also: bows) proa f

on the port/starboard bow — a babor/estribor

- a shot across the bows

2.

CPD

bow doors NPL — portón m de proa

bow wave N — ola causada por un barco al desplazarse por el agua

* * *

I [baʊ]
noun

1) ( movement) reverencia f

the actress took a bow — la actriz salió a saludar al público/hizo una reverencia

2) ( of ship) (often pl) proa f

II
1. [baʊ]
intransitive verb hacer* una reverencia

to bow to somebody — hacerle* una reverencia a alguien, inclinarse ante alguien

to bow to something: we must bow to her experience debemos tratarla con la deferencia que su experiencia merece; they bowed to government pressure — cedieron ante la presión del gobierno

2.

vt \<\<head\>\> inclinar, agachar

Phrasal Verbs:

- bow down

- bow out

III [bəʊ]
noun

1) ( knot) lazo m, moño m (esp AmL)

to tie a bow — hacer* un lazo (or moño etc)

to tie something in a bow — hacer* un lazo (or moño etc) con algo

2) ( weapon) arco m

bow and arrow — arco y flecha

3) ( Mus) arco m

IV
1. [bəʊ]
intransitive verb \<\<branch/plank\>\> arquearse, doblarse, pandearse (esp AmL)

2.

vt \<\<branch/beam\>\> arquear

English-spanish dictionary > bow
8 Graham, George

SUBJECT AREA: Horology

[br]

b. c.1674 Cumberland, England

d. 16 November 1751 London, England

[br]

English watch-and clockmaker who invented the cylinder escapement for watches, the first successful dead-beat escapement for clocks and the mercury compensation pendulum.

[br]

Graham's father died soon after his birth, so he was raised by his brother. In 1688 he was apprenticed to the London clockmaker Henry Aske, and in 1695 he gained his freedom. He was employed as a journeyman by Tompion in 1696 and later married his niece. In 1711 he formed a partnership with Tompion and effectively ran the business in Tompion's declining years; he took over the business after Tompion died in 1713. In addition to his horological interests he also made scientific instruments, specializing in those for astronomical use. As a person, he was well respected and appears to have lived up to the epithet "Honest George Graham". He befriended John Harrison when he first went to London and lent him money to further his researches at a time when they might have conflicted with his own interests.

The two common forms of escapement in use in Graham's time, the anchor escapement for clocks and the verge escapement for watches, shared the same weakness: they interfered severely with the free oscillation of the pendulum and the balance, and thus adversely affected the timekeeping. Tompion's two frictional rest escapements, the dead-beat for clocks and the horizontal for watches, had provided a partial solution by eliminating recoil (the momentary reversal of the motion of the timepiece), but they had not been successful in practice. Around 1720 Graham produced his own much improved version of the dead-beat escapement which became a standard feature of regulator clocks, at least in Britain, until its supremacy was challenged at the end of the nineteenth century by the superior accuracy of the Riefler clock. Another feature of the regulator clock owed to Graham was the mercury compensation pendulum, which he invented in 1722 and published four years later. The bob of this pendulum contained mercury, the surface of which rose or fell with changes in temperature, compensating for the concomitant variation in the length of the pendulum rod. Graham devised his mercury pendulum after he had failed to achieve compensation by means of the difference in expansion between various metals. He then turned his attention to improving Tompion's horizontal escapement, and by 1725 the cylinder escapement existed in what was virtually its final form. From the following year he fitted this escapement to all his watches, and it was also used extensively by London makers for their precision watches. It proved to be somewhat lacking in durability, but this problem was overcome later in the century by using a ruby cylinder, notably by Abraham Louis Breguet. It was revived, in a cheaper form, by the Swiss and the French in the nineteenth century and was produced in vast quantities.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS 1720. Master of the Clockmakers' Company 1722.

Bibliography

Graham contributed many papers to the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, in particular "A contrivance to avoid the irregularities in a clock's motion occasion'd by the action of heat and cold upon the rod of the pendulum" (1726) 34:40–4.

Further Reading

Britten's Watch \& Clock Maker's Handbook Dictionary and Guide, 1978, rev. Richard Good, 16th edn, London, pp. 81, 84, 232 (for a technical description of the dead-beat and cylinder escapements and the mercury compensation pendulum).

A.J.Turner, 1972, "The introduction of the dead-beat escapement: a new document", Antiquarian Horology 8:71.

E.A.Battison, 1972, biography, Biographical Dictionary of Science, ed. C.C.Gillespie, Vol. V, New York, 490–2 (contains a résumé of Graham's non-horological activities).

See also: Barlow, Edward; Guillaume, Charles-Edouard

DV

Biographical history of technology > Graham, George
9 iron

1. noun
1) (metal) Eisen, das

as hard as iron — eisenhart

strike while the iron is hot — (prov.) das Eisen schmieden, solange es heiß ist (Spr.)

2) (tool) Eisen, das

have several irons in the fire — mehrere Eisen im Feuer haben (ugs.)

3) (for smoothing) Bügeleisen, das
2. attributive adjective
1) (of iron) eisern; Eisen[platte usw.]

2) (very robust) eisern [Konstitution]

3) (unyielding) eisern; ehern (geh.) [Stoizismus]
3. transitive verb
bügeln

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/88337/iron_out">iron out

* * *
1. noun
1) (( also adjective) (of) an element that is the most common metal, is very hard, and is widely used for making tools etc: Steel is made from iron; The ground is as hard as iron; iron railings; iron determination (= very strong determination).) das Eisen;eisern

2) (a flat-bottomed instrument that is heated up and used for smoothing clothes etc: I've burnt a hole in my dress with the iron.) das Bügeleisen

3) (a type of golf-club.) das Eisen
2. verb
(to smooth (clothes etc) with an iron: This dress needs to be ironed; I've been ironing all afternoon.) bügeln

- ironing
- irons
- ironing-board
- ironmonger
- ironmongery
- have several
- too many irons in the fire
- iron out
- strike while the iron is hot
* * *

iron

[ˈaɪən, AM -ɚn]

I. n

1. no pl CHEM (element) Eisen nt

rich in \iron reich an Eisen; (as medical preparation) Eisen[präparat] nt; (metal) Eisen nt

2. ( fig)

the I\iron Lady (M. Thatcher) die eiserne Lady

will of \iron eiserne Wille

3. (appliance) [Bügel]eisen nt

steam \iron Dampfbügeleisen nt

4. (branding instrument) Brandeisen nt

5. SPORT (club) Golfschläger m

6. (shoe) [Huf]eisen nt

7. (ring) Steigbügel m

8. (weapon) Eisen nt, Schwert nt

to fall to the \iron durch das Eisen fallen

to put to the \iron mit dem Eisen erschlagen

9.

▶ to have [or keep] [too] many/other \irons in the fire [zu] viele/andere Eisen im Feuer haben

▶ to have an \iron fist [or hand] in a velvet glove freundlich im Ton, aber hart in der Sache sein

▶ to rule with a rod of \iron mit eiserner Faust regieren

▶ strike while the \iron is hot ( prov) das Eisen schmieden, solange es heiß ist prov

II. n modifier (bar, mine, railing) Eisen-

III. adj

1. ( fig: strict) eisern

\iron determination [or will] eiserner [o stählerner] Wille

\iron discipline eiserne Disziplin

to rule with an \iron hand [or fist] mit eiserner Faust regieren

\iron negotiator eisenharter Unterhändler/eisenharte Unterhändlerin

2. ( fig: strong)

\iron constitution eiserne Gesundheit

IV. vt

▪ to \iron sth etw bügeln, SCHWEIZ a. etw akk glätten

to \iron the laundry die Wäsche bügeln

V. vi bügeln, SCHWEIZ a. glätten

cotton and silk \iron well Baumwolle und Seide lassen sich gut bügeln

* * *
['aɪən]
1. n

1) Eisen nt

old iron — Alteisen nt

iron tablets pl — Eisentabletten pl

a man of iron — ein stahlharter Mann

a will of iron — ein eiserner Wille

to rule with a rod of iron (Brit) — mit eiserner Rute or Hand herrschen

to pump iron (inf) — Krafttraining machen

2) (= electric iron) Bügeleisen nt

to have other irons in the fire (fig) — noch andere Eisen im Feuer haben

he has too many irons in the fire — er macht zu viel auf einmal

to strike while the iron is hot (Prov) — das Eisen schmieden, solange es heiß ist (Prov)

3) (GOLF) Eisen nt

4) pl (= fetters) Hand- und Fußschellen pl

to put a man in irons — jdn in Eisen legen

2. adj

1) (CHEM) Eisen-; (= made of iron) Eisen-, eisern, aus Eisen

iron bar — Eisenstange f

iron deficiency — Eisenmangel m

iron pyrites — Eisenkies m, Pyrit m

2) (fig) constitution, hand eisern; will eisern, stählern; rule streng, unbarmherzig

to rule with an iron hand — mit eiserner Faust regieren

they soon discovered that here was an iron fist in a velvet glove — es wurde ihnen bald klar, dass mit ihm etc nicht zu spaßen war, obwohl er etc so sanft wirkte

3. vt
clothes bügeln
4. vi
(person) bügeln; (cloth) sich bügeln lassen
* * *

iron [ˈaıə(r)n]

A s

1. Eisen n:

(as) hard as iron eisenhart;

have several irons in the fire mehrere Eisen im Feuer haben;

pump iron SPORT sl Gewichtheber sein;

strike while the iron is hot das Eisen schmieden, solange es heiß ist;

a man of iron ein unnachgiebiger oder harter Mann;

he is made of iron er hat eine eiserne Gesundheit;

a heart of iron ein Herz aus Stein;

a will of iron ein eiserner Wille;

in irons SCHIFF im Wind, nicht wendefähig;

the iron entered his soul BIBEL Pein und Trübsal beschlichen seine Seele; → rod 4 d

2. Gegenstand aus Eisen, z. B.

a) Brandeisen n, -stempel m

b) (Bügel)Eisen n

c) Harpune f

d) Steigbügel m

3. Eisen n (Schneide eines Werkzeugs)

4. Golf: Eisen(schläger) n(m)

5. umg obs Schießeisen n

6. MED, PHARM Eisen(präparat) n:

take iron Eisen einnehmen

7. pl Hand-, Fußschellen pl, Eisen pl:

put in irons → C 4

8. MED US umg Beinschiene f (Stützapparat):

put sb’s leg in irons jemandem das Bein schienen

9. Eisengrau n

B adj

1. eisern, Eisen…, aus Eisen:

an iron bar

2. eisenfarben

3. fig eisern:

a) kräftig, robust:

an iron constitution eine eiserne Gesundheit

b) unerbittlich, grausam, hart

c) unbeugsam, unerschütterlich:

the Iron Chancellor der Eiserne Kanzler (Bismarck);

the Iron Duke der Eiserne Herzog (Wellington);

iron discipline eiserne Disziplin;

it’s a case of an iron fist ( oder hand) in a velvet glove POL etc das ist eine typische Mogelpackung;

rule with an iron hand mit eiserner Faust oder eiserner Hand regieren;

an iron will ein eiserner Wille

4. HIST Eisenzeit…

C v/t

1. bügeln, plätten

2. iron out

a) Kleidungsstück, Falten etc ausbügeln,

b) fig Meinungsverschiedenheiten, Schwierigkeiten etc aus der Welt schaffen, beseitigen

3. mit Eisen beschlagen

4. jemanden in Eisen legen

D v/i bügeln, plätten

* * *
1. noun
1) (metal) Eisen, das

as hard as iron — eisenhart

strike while the iron is hot — (prov.) das Eisen schmieden, solange es heiß ist (Spr.)

2) (tool) Eisen, das

have several irons in the fire — mehrere Eisen im Feuer haben (ugs.)

3) (for smoothing) Bügeleisen, das
2. attributive adjective
1) (of iron) eisern; Eisen[platte usw.]

2) (very robust) eisern [Konstitution]

3) (unyielding) eisern; ehern (geh.) [Stoizismus]
3. transitive verb
bügeln

Phrasal Verbs:

- iron out

* * *

adj.

eisern adj. n.

Bügeleisen n.

Eisen -- n. v.

bügeln v.

plätten v.

English-german dictionary > iron
10 line

I
1.
noun
1) ((a piece of) thread, cord, rope etc: She hung the washing on the line; a fishing-rod and line.) cuerda, cordel, sedal

2) (a long, narrow mark, streak or stripe: She drew straight lines across the page; a dotted/wavy line.) línea

3) (outline or shape especially relating to length or direction: The ship had very graceful lines; A dancer uses a mirror to improve his line.) línea

4) (a groove on the skin; a wrinkle.) arruga

5) (a row or group of objects or persons arranged side by side or one behind the other: The children stood in a line; a line of trees.) fila, hilera

6) (a short letter: I'll drop him a line.) cuatro líneas

7) (a series or group of persons which come one after the other especially in the same family: a line of kings.) linaje

8) (a track or direction: He pointed out the line of the new road; a new line of research.) trazado

9) (the railway or a single track of the railway: Passengers must cross the line by the bridge only.) vía

10) (a continuous system (especially of pipes, electrical or telephone cables etc) connecting one place with another: a pipeline; a line of communication; All (telephone) lines are engaged.) cable, línea

11) (a row of written or printed words: The letter contained only three lines; a poem of sixteen lines.) línea

12) (a regular service of ships, aircraft etc: a shipping line.) compañía

13) (a group or class (of goods for sale) or a field of activity, interest etc: This has been a very popular new line; Computers are not really my line.) línea, gama

14) (an arrangement of troops, especially when ready to fight: fighting in the front line.) línea

2. verb
1) (to form lines along: Crowds lined the pavement to see the Queen.) ponerse en fila, hacer cola

2) (to mark with lines.) dibujar rayas

•

- lineage
- linear

- lined

- liner

- lines
- linesman
- hard lines!
- in line for
- in
- out of line with
- line up
- read between the lines
II
verb
1) (to cover on the inside: She lined the box with newspaper.) llenar, forrar

2) (to put a lining in: She lined the dress with silk.) forrar, revestir

•

- lined

- liner

- lining

line¹ n

1. línea / raya

a straight line una línea recta

paper with lines on it papel con rayas

2. fila / hilera

a line of trees una hilera de árboles

3. tendedero

hang the clothes on the line tiende la ropa en el tendedero

Cuando line significa tendedero, es la forma abreviada de clothes line o washing line

line² vb

1. ponerse en fila

the soldiers lined up los soldados se pusieron en fila

2. forrar

the jacket is lined with silk la americana está forrada de seda

line

tr[laɪn]

noun

1 (in general) línea

■ in a straight line en línea recta

■ draw a line under the correct answer subraye la respuesta correcta

■ along the usual lines en la línea habitual

■ he said something along those lines dijo algo por el estilo

■ hold the line, please un momento, por favor, no cuelgue

2 (drawn on paper) raya

3 (of text) línea, renglón nombre masculino; (of poetry) verso

■ new line punto y aparte

4 (row) fila, hilera

■ a line of trees una hilera de árboles

5 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL (queue) cola

6 (wrinkle) arruga

7 (cord) cuerda, cordel nombre masculino; (fishing) sedal nombre masculino; (wire) cable nombre masculino

8 (route) vía

9 familiar (speciality) especialidad nombre femenino

■ that's not my line! ¡eso no es especialidad mía!

■ what's your line? ¿qué haces?, ¿de qué trabajas?

10 familiar (story) rollo

■ so then he gave me the usual line y entonces me vino con el rollo de siempre

11 slang (of cocaine) raya

transitive verb

1 (draw lines on) dibujar rayas en

2 (mark with wrinkles) arrugar

3 (form rows along) bordear

■ trees lined the country road la carretera rural estaba bordeada de árboles

■ the crowds lined the streets to greet the local hero la multitud se alineaba a lo largo de las calles para aclamar al héroe local

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

all along the line (from the beginning) desde el principio 2 (in detail) con todo detalle

hard lines! familiar ¡qué mala suerte!

in line with figurative use conforme a

to be in line for estar a punto de recibir

■ he's in line for a rise soon pronto le subirán el sueldo

to be on the right lines ir por buen camino

to be out of line figurative use no coincidir ( with, con)

to bring somebody into line familiar pararle los pies a alguien

to come to the end of the line llegar al final

to draw the line at something decir basta a algo

to drop somebody a line familiar mandar cuatro líneas a alguien

to fall into line cerrar filas

to know where to draw the line saber decir basta

to learn one's lines SMALLTHEATRE/SMALL aprenderse el papel

to read between the lines leer entre líneas

to stand in line SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL hacer cola

to step out of line salirse de la fila 2 figurative use saltarse las reglas

to take a tough line with somebody tener mano dura con alguien

dotted line línea de puntos

line drawing dibujo lineal

line of fire línea de fuego

line of vision campo visual

line printer impresora de líneas

line spacer interlineador nombre masculino

————————

line

tr[laɪn]

transitive verb

1 (with material) forrar; (pipes) revestir

2 (walls) llenar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to line one's pockets familiar forrarse

line ['laɪn] v, lined ; lining vt

1) : forrar, cubrir

to line a dress: forrar un vestido

to line the walls: cubrir las paredes

2) mark: rayar, trazar líneas en

3) border: bordear

4) align: alinear

line vi

to line up : ponerse in fila, hacer cola

line n

1) cord, rope: cuerda f

2) wire: cable m

power line: cable eléctrico

3) : línea f (de teléfono)

4) row: fila f, hilera f

5) note: nota f, líneas fpl

drop me a line: mándame unas líneas

6) course: línea f

line of inquiry: línea de investigación

7) agreement: conformidad f

to be in line with: ser conforme a

to fall into line: estar de acuerdo

8) occupation: ocupación f, rama f, especialidad f

9) limit: línea f, límite m

dividing line: línea divisoria

to draw the line: fijar límites

10) service: línea f

bus line: línea de autobuses

11) mark: línea f, arruga f (de la cara)

line

n.

• andana s.f.

• cola s.f.

• cordel s.m.

• fila s.f.

• línea (Electrónica) s.f.

• línea s.f.

• ramo s.m.

• raya s.f.

• renglón s.m.

• retahila s.f.

• sarta s.f.

• trazo s.m.

• verso s.m.

v.

• aforrar v.

• alinear v.

• arrugar v.

• forrar v.

• frisar v.

• rayar v.

I laɪn
noun

1) c

a) (mark, trace) línea f, raya f; ( Math) recta f

to draw a line — trazar* una línea

to put o draw a line through something — tachar algo

to be on the line — (colloq) estar* en peligro, peligrar

to lay it on the line — (colloq) no andarse* con rodeos

to lay o put something on the line — (colloq) jugarse* algo; (before n)

line drawing — dibujo m lineal

b) (on face, palm) línea f; ( wrinkle) arruga f

2)

a) c (boundary, border) línea f

the county/state line — (AmE) (la línea de) la frontera del condado/estado

to draw the line (at something): I don't mind untidiness, but I draw the line at this no me importa el desorden, pero esto es intolerable or esto ya es demasiado; one has to draw the line somewhere — en algún momento hay que decir basta

b) c ( Sport) línea f; (before n)

line judge — juez mf de línea

c) c u ( contour) línea f

3)

a) c u (cable, rope) cuerda f; ( clothes o washing line) cuerda (de tender la ropa); ( fishing line) sedal m

power line — cable m eléctrico

b) c ( Telec) línea f

the lines are down — no hay línea

hold the line, please — no cuelgue or (CS tb) no corte, por favor

it's a very bad line — se oye muy mal

4) c ( Transp)

a) (company, service) línea f

shipping line — línea de transportes marítimos, (compañía f) naviera f

b) ( Rail) línea f; ( track) (BrE) vía f

5) u c

a) (path, direction) línea f

line of fire — línea de fuego

it was right in my line of vision — me obstruía la visual; resistance

b) (attitude, policy) postura f, línea f

to take a firm/hard line (with somebody/on something) — adoptar una postura or línea firme/dura (con algn/con respecto a algo)

she takes the line that... — su actitud es que...

to toe o (AmE also) hew the line — acatar la disciplina

c) (method, style)

line of inquiry — línea f de investigación

line of argument — argumento m

I was thinking of something along the lines of... — pensaba en algo del tipo de or por el estilo de...

we're thinking along similar lines — pensamos de la misma manera

6) c

a) ( row) fila f, hilera f; ( queue) (AmE) cola f

they formed a o fell into line behind their teacher — se pusieron en fila detrás del profesor

the soldiers fell into line — los soldados se alinearon

to wait in line — (AmE) hacer* cola

to get in line — (AmE) ponerse* en la cola

to cut in line — (AmE) colarse* (fam), brincarse* or saltarse la cola (Méx fam)

all/somewhere along the line: she's had bad luck all along the line ha tenido mala suerte desde el principio; we must have made a mistake somewhere along the line debemos de haber cometido un error en algún momento; in line with something: wages haven't risen in line with inflation los sueldos no han aumentado a la par de la inflación; the new measures are in line with government policy las nuevas medidas siguen la línea de la política del gobierno; out of line: that remark was out of line ese comentario estuvo fuera de lugar; their ideas were out of line with mine sus ideas no coincidían con las mías; to step out of line mostrar* disconformidad, desobedecer*; to bring somebody/something into line: he needs to be brought into line hay que llamarlo al orden or (fam) meterlo en vereda; the province was brought into line with the rest of the country la situación de la provincia se equiparó a la del resto del país; to fall in/into line: they had to fall in line with company policy tuvieron que aceptar or acatar la política de la compañía; to keep somebody in line — tener* a algn a raya; see also on line

b) ( series) serie f

he's the latest in a long line of radical leaders — es el último de una larga serie de dirigentes radicales

c) ( succession) línea f

the title passes through the female line — el título se transmite por línea materna

he's next in line to the throne — es el siguiente en la línea de sucesión al trono

7) c ( Mil) línea f

behind enemy lines — tras las líneas enemigas

8)

a) c ( of text) línea f, renglón m; ( of poem) verso m

the best line in the movie — la mejor frase de la película

new line — ( when dictating) punto y aparte

to read between the lines — leer* entre líneas

b) lines pl ( Theat)

to learn one's lines — aprenderse el papel

he forgot his lines — se olvidó de lo que le tocaba decir

c) ( note)

to drop somebody a line — escribirle* a algn unas líneas

9) c

a) ( area of activity)

what line are you in? — ¿a qué te dedicas?

in my line of business — en mi trabajo or profesión

b) ( of merchandise) línea f

II

transitive verb

1)

a) \<\<skirt/box\>\> forrar

b) ( form lining along) cubrir*

books lined the walls, the walls were lined with books — las paredes estaban cubiertas de libros

2) ( mark with lines) \<\<paper\>\> rayar

3) ( border)

the avenue is lined with trees — la avenida está bordeada de árboles

crowds lined the route — cientos de personas estaban alineadas a ambos lados del camino

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- line up

- line up with

I [laɪn]
1. N

1) (gen) línea f; (drawn) raya f

• to draw a line — trazar una línea

• there's a fine or thin line between genius and madness — la línea que separa la genialidad de la locura es muy sutil

• line of latitude/ longitude — línea f de latitud/longitud

• to put a line through sth — tachar or (LAm) rayar algo

• the Line — (Geog) el ecuador

- draw the line at sth

one must draw the line somewhere — hay que fijar ciertos límites

- know where to draw the line

- draw a line under

to be on the line —

his job is on the line — su puesto está en peligro, se expone a perder su puesto

- lay it on the line

to lay or put one's reputation on the line — arriesgar su reputación

to put one's neck on the line ** —

to put one's ass on the line — (US) ** jugársela *

2) (=rope) cuerda f; (=fishing line) sedal m; (=clothes line, washing line) cuerda f para tender la ropa

they threw a line to the man in the sea — le lanzaron un cable or una cuerda al hombre que estaba en el agua

3) (=wrinkle) (on face etc) arruga f; (in palmistry) raya f, línea f

4) [of print, verse] renglón m, línea f

"new line" — (in dictation) "otra línea"

• drop me a line * — (fig) escríbeme

• to learn one's lines — (Theat) aprenderse el papel

- read between the lines

5) (=row) hilera f, fila f, línea f

line of traffic — fila f or cola f de coches

the traffic stretched for three miles in an unbroken line — había una caravana or cola de coches de tres millas

a line of winning numbers — (in bingo, lottery etc) una línea ganadora

• to be in line with — estar de acuerdo con, ser conforme a

to be in line for promotion — estar bajo consideración para un ascenso

public sector pay is in line to rise — está previsto que suban los salarios del sector público

to keep the party in line — mantener la disciplina del partido

to keep people in line — mantener a la gente a raya

• to bring sth into line with sth — poner algo de acuerdo con algo

to fall or get into line — (abreast) meterse en fila

to fall into line with sb — estar de acuerdo con algn

to fall into line with sth — ser conforme a algo

• to be out of line with — no ser conforme con

he was completely out of line to suggest that... * — estaba totalmente fuera de lugar que propusiera que...

- all along the line

somewhere along the line we went wrong — en algún punto nos hemos equivocado

- reach or come to the end of the line
step 2., 1)
6) (=series) serie f

the latest in a long line of tragedies — la última de una larga serie or lista de tragedias

7) (=lineage) linaje m

• line of descent — linaje m

• the title is inherited through the male/ female line — el título se hereda por línea paterna/materna

• he comes from a long line of artists — proviene de un extenso linaje de artistas

• the royal line — el linaje real

8) (=hierarchy)

• line of command — cadena f de mando

9) (Mil) línea f

• line of battle — línea de batalla

the (battle) lines are drawn — (fig) la guerra está declarada

• the first line of defence — (lit) la primera línea de retaguardia; (fig) el primer escudo protector

• behind enemy lines — tras las líneas enemigas

• ship of the line — navío m de línea
front 5.
10) (esp US) (=queue) cola f

• to form a line — hacer una cola

• to get into line — ponerse en la cola or a la cola

• to stand in line — hacer cola

11) (=direction) línea f

the main or broad lines — [of story, plan] las líneas maestras

• along or on the lines of — algo por el estilo de

something along those or the same lines — algo por el estilo

along or on political/racial lines — según criterios políticos/raciales

on the right lines — por buen camino

• line of argument — argumento m

• line of attack — (Mil) modo m de ataque; (fig) planteamiento m

• in the line of duty — en cumplimiento de sus deberes

it's all in the line of duty — es una parte normal del deber

• in the line of fire — (Mil) en la línea de fuego

• line of flight — [of bird] trayectoria f de vuelo; [of object] trayectoria f

• line of inquiry — línea f de investigación

• line of sight or vision — visual f

• line of thought — hilo m del pensamiento

12) (Elec) (=wire) cable m

to be/come on line — (Comput) estar/entrar en (pleno) funcionamiento

13) (Telec) línea f

can you get me a line to Chicago? — ¿me puede poner con Chicago?

• it's a very bad line — se oye muy mal

• lines of communication — líneas fpl de comunicación

to keep the lines of communication open with sb — mantener todas las líneas de comunicación abiertas con algn

• the line's gone dead — se ha cortado la línea

• the lines are down — no hay línea

• the line is engaged or (US) busy — está comunicando

• hold the line please — no cuelgue, por favor

• Mr. Smith is on the line (for you) — El Sr. Smith está al teléfono (y quiere hablar con usted)

• the lines are open from six o'clock onwards — las líneas están abiertas de seis en adelante
hot 4.
14) (=pipe) (for oil, gas) conducto m

15) (=shape) (usu pl)

the rounded lines of this car — la línea redondeada or el contorno redondeado de este coche

16) (=field, area)

what line (of business) are you in? — ¿a qué se dedica?

we're in the same line (of business) — nos dedicamos a lo mismo, trabajamos en el mismo campo

line of research — campo m de investigación

it's not my line — (=speciality) no es de mi especialidad

fishing's more (in) my line — me interesa más la pesca, de pesca sí sé algo

17) (=stance, attitude) actitud f

• to take a strong or firm line on sth — adoptar una actitud firme sobre algo

to take the line that... — ser de la opinión que...

what line is the government taking? — ¿cuál es la actitud del gobierno?

to follow or take the line of least resistance — conformarse con la ley del mínimo esfuerzo

this is the official line — esta es la versión oficial

- toe the line

to toe or follow the party line — conformarse a or seguir la línea del partido
hard 1., 5)
18) (Comm) (=product) línea f

a new/popular line — una línea nueva/popular

that line did not sell at all — esa línea de productos se vendió muy mal

we have a nice line in spring hats — tenemos un bonito surtido de sombreros para primavera

he's got a nice line in rude jokes — lo suyo son los chistes verdes

19) (Rail) (=route) línea f; (=track) vía f

down line — vía descendente

up line — vía ascendente

the line to Palencia — el ferrocarril de Palencia, la línea de Palencia

• to cross the line(s) — cruzar la vía

• to leave the line(s) — descarrilar

20) (also: shipping line) (=company) naviera f; (=route) línea f marítima, ruta f marítima

21) (=clue, lead) pista f

• to give sb a line on sth — poner a algn sobre la pista de algo

the police have a line on the criminal — la policía anda or está sobre la pista del delincuente

22) (=spiel)

- feed sb a line about sth
shoot 2., 4)
23) (Ind) (=assembly line) línea f

24) [of cocaine etc] raya f

2.

VT (=cross with lines) [+ paper] rayar; [+ field] surcar; [+ face] arrugar

3.

CPD

line dancing N — danza folclórica en que los que bailan forman líneas y filas

line drawing N — dibujo m lineal

line editing N — corrección f por líneas

line feed N — avance m de línea

line fishing N — pesca f con caña

line judge N — (Tennis) juez mf de fondo

line manager N — (Brit) (Ind) jefe(-a) m / f de línea

line printer N — impresora f de línea

- line up

II

[laɪn]
VT
1) (=put lining in) [+ garment] forrar ( with de); (Tech) revestir ( with de); [+ brakes] guarnecer; [bird] [+ nest] cubrir

eat something to line your stomach — come algo para no tener el estómago vacío
pocket 1., 1)
2) (=border)

streets lined with trees — calles fpl bordeadas de árboles

to line the route — alinearse a lo largo de la ruta

to line the streets — ocupar las aceras

portraits lined the walls — las paredes estaban llenas de retratos

* * *

I [laɪn]
noun

1) c

a) (mark, trace) línea f, raya f; ( Math) recta f

to draw a line — trazar* una línea

to put o draw a line through something — tachar algo

to be on the line — (colloq) estar* en peligro, peligrar

to lay it on the line — (colloq) no andarse* con rodeos

to lay o put something on the line — (colloq) jugarse* algo; (before n)

line drawing — dibujo m lineal

b) (on face, palm) línea f; ( wrinkle) arruga f

2)

a) c (boundary, border) línea f

the county/state line — (AmE) (la línea de) la frontera del condado/estado

to draw the line (at something): I don't mind untidiness, but I draw the line at this no me importa el desorden, pero esto es intolerable or esto ya es demasiado; one has to draw the line somewhere — en algún momento hay que decir basta

b) c ( Sport) línea f; (before n)

line judge — juez mf de línea

c) c u ( contour) línea f

3)

a) c u (cable, rope) cuerda f; ( clothes o washing line) cuerda (de tender la ropa); ( fishing line) sedal m

power line — cable m eléctrico

b) c ( Telec) línea f

the lines are down — no hay línea

hold the line, please — no cuelgue or (CS tb) no corte, por favor

it's a very bad line — se oye muy mal

4) c ( Transp)

a) (company, service) línea f

shipping line — línea de transportes marítimos, (compañía f) naviera f

b) ( Rail) línea f; ( track) (BrE) vía f

5) u c

a) (path, direction) línea f

line of fire — línea de fuego

it was right in my line of vision — me obstruía la visual; resistance

b) (attitude, policy) postura f, línea f

to take a firm/hard line (with somebody/on something) — adoptar una postura or línea firme/dura (con algn/con respecto a algo)

she takes the line that... — su actitud es que...

to toe o (AmE also) hew the line — acatar la disciplina

c) (method, style)

line of inquiry — línea f de investigación

line of argument — argumento m

I was thinking of something along the lines of... — pensaba en algo del tipo de or por el estilo de...

we're thinking along similar lines — pensamos de la misma manera

6) c

a) ( row) fila f, hilera f; ( queue) (AmE) cola f

they formed a o fell into line behind their teacher — se pusieron en fila detrás del profesor

the soldiers fell into line — los soldados se alinearon

to wait in line — (AmE) hacer* cola

to get in line — (AmE) ponerse* en la cola

to cut in line — (AmE) colarse* (fam), brincarse* or saltarse la cola (Méx fam)

all/somewhere along the line: she's had bad luck all along the line ha tenido mala suerte desde el principio; we must have made a mistake somewhere along the line debemos de haber cometido un error en algún momento; in line with something: wages haven't risen in line with inflation los sueldos no han aumentado a la par de la inflación; the new measures are in line with government policy las nuevas medidas siguen la línea de la política del gobierno; out of line: that remark was out of line ese comentario estuvo fuera de lugar; their ideas were out of line with mine sus ideas no coincidían con las mías; to step out of line mostrar* disconformidad, desobedecer*; to bring somebody/something into line: he needs to be brought into line hay que llamarlo al orden or (fam) meterlo en vereda; the province was brought into line with the rest of the country la situación de la provincia se equiparó a la del resto del país; to fall in/into line: they had to fall in line with company policy tuvieron que aceptar or acatar la política de la compañía; to keep somebody in line — tener* a algn a raya; see also on line

b) ( series) serie f

he's the latest in a long line of radical leaders — es el último de una larga serie de dirigentes radicales

c) ( succession) línea f

the title passes through the female line — el título se transmite por línea materna

he's next in line to the throne — es el siguiente en la línea de sucesión al trono

7) c ( Mil) línea f

behind enemy lines — tras las líneas enemigas

8)

a) c ( of text) línea f, renglón m; ( of poem) verso m

the best line in the movie — la mejor frase de la película

new line — ( when dictating) punto y aparte

to read between the lines — leer* entre líneas

b) lines pl ( Theat)

to learn one's lines — aprenderse el papel

he forgot his lines — se olvidó de lo que le tocaba decir

c) ( note)

to drop somebody a line — escribirle* a algn unas líneas

9) c

a) ( area of activity)

what line are you in? — ¿a qué te dedicas?

in my line of business — en mi trabajo or profesión

b) ( of merchandise) línea f

II

transitive verb

1)

a) \<\<skirt/box\>\> forrar

b) ( form lining along) cubrir*

books lined the walls, the walls were lined with books — las paredes estaban cubiertas de libros

2) ( mark with lines) \<\<paper\>\> rayar

3) ( border)

the avenue is lined with trees — la avenida está bordeada de árboles

crowds lined the route — cientos de personas estaban alineadas a ambos lados del camino

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- line up

- line up with

English-spanish dictionary > line
11 line

I 1.
[laɪn]noun

1) (string, cord, rope, etc.) Leine, die

[fishing-]line — [Angel]schnur, die

2) (telephone or telegraph cable) Leitung, die

our company has 20 lines — unsere Firma hat 20 Anschlüsse

get me a line to Washington — verbinden Sie mich mit Washington

bad line — schlechte Verbindung; see also academic.ru/35190/hold">hold II 1. k

3) (long mark; also Math., Phys.) Linie, die; (less precise or shorter) Strich, der; (Telev.) Zeile, die

4) in pl. (outline of car, ship, etc.) Linien Pl.

5) (boundary) Linie, die

lay something on the line [for somebody] — [jemandem] etwas rundheraus sagen

put oneself on the line — ein Risiko eingehen

6) (row) Reihe, die; (Amer.): (queue) Schlange, die

line of trees — Baumreihe, die

bring somebody into line — dafür sorgen, dass jmd. nicht aus der Reihe tanzt (ugs.)

come or fall into line — sich in die Reihe stellen; [Gruppe:] sich in einer Reihe aufstellen; (fig.) nicht mehr aus der Reihe tanzen (ugs.)

be in line [with something] — [mit etwas] in einer Linie liegen

be in line for promotion — Aussicht auf Beförderung haben

be in/out of line with something — (fig.) mit etwas in/nicht in Einklang stehen

somewhere along the line — irgendwann einmal

7) (row of words on a page) Zeile, die

lines — (actor's part) Text, der

drop me a line — schreib mir ein paar Zeilen

he gave the boy 100 lines — (Sch.) er ließ den Jungen 100 Zeilen abschreiben

8) (system of transport) Linie, die

[shipping] line — Schifffahrtslinie, die

9) (series of persons or things) Reihe, die; (generations of family) Linie, die

be third in line to the throne — dritter in der Thronfolge sein

10) (direction, course) Richtung, die

on the lines of — nach Art (+ Gen.)

on similar lines — auf ähnliche Art

be on the right/wrong lines — in die richtige/falsche Richtung gehen

along or on the same lines — in der gleichen Richtung

be on the same lines — die gleiche Richtung verfolgen

line of thought — Gedankengang, der

take a strong line with somebody — jemandem gegenüber bestimmt od. energisch auftreten

line of action — Vorgehensweise, die

11) (Railw.) Bahnlinie, die; (track) Gleis, das

the Waterloo line, the line to Waterloo — die Linie nach Waterloo

this is the end of the line [for you] — (fig.) dies ist das Aus [für dich]

12) (wrinkle) Falte, die

13) (field of activity) Branche, die; (academic) Fachrichtung, die

what's your line? — in welcher Branche sind Sie?/was ist Ihre Fachrichtung?

he's in the building line — er ist in der Baubranche

be in the line of duty/business — zu den Pflichten/zum Geschäft gehören

14) (Commerc.): (product) Artikel, der; Linie, die (fachspr.)

15) (Fashion) Linie, die

16) (Mil.): (series of defences) Linie, die

enemy lines — feindliche Stellungen od. Linien
2. transitive verb
1) (mark with lines) linieren [Papier]

a lined face — ein faltiges Gesicht

2) (stand at intervals along) säumen (geh.) [Straße, Strecke]

Phrasal Verbs:

- line up
II transitive verb
füttern [Kleidungsstück]; auskleiden [Magen, Nest]; ausschlagen [Schublade usw.]

line one's pockets — (fig.) sich (Dat.) die Taschen füllen

* * *
I 1. noun
1) ((a piece of) thread, cord, rope etc: She hung the washing on the line; a fishing-rod and line.) die Leine

2) (a long, narrow mark, streak or stripe: She drew straight lines across the page; a dotted/wavy line.) die Linie

3) (outline or shape especially relating to length or direction: The ship had very graceful lines; A dancer uses a mirror to improve his line.) die Konturen (pl.)

4) (a groove on the skin; a wrinkle.) die Falte

5) (a row or group of objects or persons arranged side by side or one behind the other: The children stood in a line; a line of trees.) die Reihe

6) (a short letter: I'll drop him a line.) einige Zeilen

7) (a series or group of persons which come one after the other especially in the same family: a line of kings.) die Abstammungslinie

8) (a track or direction: He pointed out the line of the new road; a new line of research.) die Richtung

9) (the railway or a single track of the railway: Passengers must cross the line by the bridge only.) die Eisenbahnlinie, das Gleis

10) (a continuous system (especially of pipes, electrical or telephone cables etc) connecting one place with another: a pipeline; a line of communication; All( telephone) lines are engaged.) die Leitung

11) (a row of written or printed words: The letter contained only three lines; a poem of sixteen lines.) die Zeile

12) (a regular service of ships, aircraft etc: a shipping line.) die Linie

13) (a group or class (of goods for sale) or a field of activity, interest etc: This has been a very popular new line; Computers are not really my line.) das Tätigkeitsfeld

14) (an arrangement of troops, especially when ready to fight: fighting in the front line.) die Linie
2. verb
1) (to form lines along: Crowds lined the pavement to see the Queen.) säumen

2) (to mark with lines.) linieren

•

- lineage
- linear
- lined

- liner

- lines
- linesman
- hard lines! - in line for
- in
- out of line with
- line up
- read between the lines II verb
1) (to cover on the inside: She lined the box with newspaper.) auskleiden

2) (to put a lining in: She lined the dress with silk.) füttern

•

- lined

- liner

- lining

* * *

line¹

[laɪn]

I. NOUN

1. (mark) Linie f

dividing \line Trennungslinie f

straight \line gerade Linie

to draw a \line eine Linie ziehen

2. SPORT Linie f

3. MATH

straight \line Gerade f

4. (wrinkle) Falte f

5. (contour) Linie f

6. MUS Tonfolge f

7. (equator)

▪ the L\line die Linie, der Äquator

8. (boundary) Grenze f, Grenzlinie f

\line of credit FIN Kreditrahmen m, Kreditlinie f

tree [or timber] \line Baumgrenze f

the thin \line between love and hate der schmale Grat zwischen Liebe und Hass

to cross the \line die Grenze überschreiten fig, zu weit gehen

9. (cord) Leine f; (string) Schnur f

[clothes] \line Wäscheleine f

[fishing] \line Angelschnur f

10. TELEC [Telefon]leitung f; (connection to network) Anschluss m

\lines will be open from eight o'clock die Leitungen werden ab acht Uhr frei[geschaltet] sein

can you get me a \line to New York? können Sie mir bitte eine Verbindung nach New York geben?

the \line is engaged/busy die Leitung ist besetzt

please hold the \line! bitte bleiben Sie am Apparat!

get off the \line! geh aus der Leitung!

bad \line schlechte Verbindung

to be/stay on the \line am Apparat sein/bleiben

11. (set of tracks) Gleis nt; (specific train route) Strecke f

the end of the \line die Endstation

to be at [or reach] the end of the \line ( fig) am Ende sein fam

12. (transporting company)

rail \line Eisenbahnlinie f

shipping \line Schifffahrtslinie f; (company) Reederei f

13. (row of words, also in poem) Zeile f

to drop sb a \line jdm ein paar Zeilen schreiben

to read between the \lines ( fig) zwischen den Zeilen lesen

14. (for actor)

▪ \lines pl Text m

to forget/learn one's \lines seinen Text lernen/vergessen

15. (information) Hinweis m

to get a \line on sb/sth etwas über jdn/etw herausfinden

to give sb a \line about sth jdm einen Hinweis auf etw akk geben

to give sb a \line on sb jdm Informationen über jdn besorgen

16. (false account, talk)

he keeps giving me that \line about his computer not working properly er kommt mir immer wieder mit dem Spruch, dass sein Computer nicht richtig funktioniere

I've heard that \line before die Platte kenne ich schon in- und auswendig! fam

17. BRIT (punishment)

▪ \lines pl Strafarbeit f

she got 100 \lines for swearing at her teacher da sie ihren Lehrer beschimpft hatte, musste sie zur Strafe 100 mal... schreiben

18. (row) Reihe f

to be first in \line an erster Stelle stehen; ( fig) ganz vorne dabei sein

to be next in \line als Nächster/Nächste dran sein

to be in a \line in einer Reihe stehen

the cans on the shelf were in a \line die Büchsen waren im Regal aufgereiht

to be in \line for sth mit etw dat an der Reihe sein

to come [or fall] into \line sich akk in einer Reihe aufstellen; single person sich akk einreihen

to form a \line sich akk in einer Reihe aufstellen

to get into \line sich akk hintereinander aufstellen; (next to each other) sich akk in einer Reihe aufstellen

to move into \line sich akk einreihen

in \line with (level with) auf der gleichen Höhe wie

in \line with demand bedarfsgerecht, bedarfsadäquat

in \line with maturity FIN laufzeitbezogen, laufzeitabhängig

in \line with requirements bedürfnisorientiert

in \line with the market marktnah, marktgerecht, marktkonform

to be in \line with sth (similar to) mit etw dat übereinstimmen

the salaries of temporary employees were brought into \line with those of permanent staff die Gehälter Teilzeitbeschäftigter wurden an die der Vollzeitbeschäftigten angeglichen

19. (succession) Linie f

I want to have children to prevent the family \line dying out ich möchte Kinder, damit die Familie nicht ausstirbt

this institute has had a long \line of prestigious physicists working here dieses Institut kann auf eine lange Tradition angesehener Physiker zurückblicken

he is the latest in a long \line of Nobel Prize winners to come from that country er ist der jüngste einer ganzen Reihe von Nobelpreisträgern aus diesem Land

20. esp AM (queue) Schlange f

to get in \line sich akk anstellen

to stand in \line anstehen

21. (product type) Sortiment nt; FASHION Kollektion f

they are thinking about a new \line of vehicles sie denken über eine neue Kraftfahrzeugserie nach; BRIT, AUS

they do an excellent \line in TVs and videos sie stellen erstklassige Fernseher und Videogeräte her

spring/summer/fall/winter \line Frühjahrs-/Sommer-/Herbst-/Winterkollektion f

to have a good \line in [or AM of] sth ( fig) einen großen Vorrat an etw dat haben

22. (area of activity) Gebiet nt

football's never really been my \line mit Fußball konnte ich noch nie besonders viel anfangen

what's your \line? was machen Sie beruflich?

\line of business Branche f

\line of research Forschungsgebiet nt

\line of work Arbeitsgebiet nt

to be in sb's \line jdm liegen

23. (course)

\line of argument Argumentation f

to be in the \line of duty zu jds Pflichten gehören

\line of reasoning Gedankengang m

to take a strong \line with sb jdm gegenüber sehr bestimmt auftreten

to take a strong \line with sth gegen etw akk energisch vorgehen

they did not reveal their \line of inquiry sie teilten nicht mit, in welcher Richtung sie ermittelten

what \line shall we take? wie sollen wir vorgehen?

24. (direction)

▪ along the \lines of...:

she said something along the \lines that he would lose his job if he didn't work harder sie sagte irgendetwas in der Richtung davon, dass er seine Stelle verlieren würde, wenn er nicht härter arbeiten würde

my sister works in publishing and I'm hoping to do something along the same \lines meine Schwester arbeitet im Verlagswesen und ich würde gerne etwas Ähnliches tun

to try a new \line of approach to sth versuchen, etw anders anzugehen

the \line of least resistence der Weg des geringsten Widerstandes

\line of vision Blickrichtung f

to be on the right \lines auf dem richtigen Weg sein

do you think his approach to the problem is on the right \lines? glauben Sie, dass er das Problem richtig angeht?

25. (policy) Linie f

party \line Parteilinie f

to bring sb/sth into \line [with sth] jdn/etw auf gleiche Linie [wie etw akk] bringen

to fall into \line with sth mit etw dat konform gehen

to keep sb in \line dafür sorgen, dass jd nicht aus der Reihe tanzt

to move into \line sich akk anpassen

to step out of \line aus der Reihe tanzen

26. MIL (of defence) Linie f

\line of battle Kampflinie f

behind enemy \lines hinter den feindlichen Stellungen

front \line Front f

27. (quantity of cocaine) Linie f fam

to do a \line of coke, to do \lines koksen fam

28. STOCKEX Aktienpaket nt

29.

▶ all along the \line auf der ganzen Linie

▶ to bring sb into \line jdn in seine Schranken weisen

▶ in/out of \line with sb/sth mit jdm/etw im/nicht im Einklang

▶ to lay it on the \line die Karten offen auf den Tisch legen

▶ to be on the \line auf dem Spiel stehen

▶ to put sth on the \line etw aufs Spiel setzen

▶ right down the \line esp AM voll und ganz

▶ it was stepping out of \line to tell him that es stand dir nicht zu, ihm das zu sagen

II. TRANSITIVE VERB

1. (mark)

▪ to \line sth paper etw linieren

her face was \lined with agony ihr Gesicht war von tiefem Schmerz gezeichnet

2. (stand at intervals)

to \line the streets die Straßen säumen geh

the streets were \lined with cheering people jubelnde Menschenmengen säumten die Straßen

line²

[laɪn]

vt

1. (cover)

▪ to \line sth clothing etw füttern; drawers etw von innen auslegen; pipes etw auskleiden

2. ( fam: fill)

to \line one's pockets [or purse] [with sth] sich dat die Taschen [mit etw dat] füllen

to \line shelves Regale füllen

to \line one's stomach sich dat den Magen vollschlagen fam

* * *

line¹ [laın]

A s

1. Linie f ( auch SPORT), Strich m:

down the line (Tennis) die Linie entlang, longline;

come off ( oder leave) one’s line sich von der Linie lösen (Tormann);

be rooted to the line auf der Linie kleben (Tormann); → intersection 3 c, whip A 6 b

2. a) (Hand- etc) Linie f:

line of fate Schicksalslinie

b) Falte f, Runzel f:

lines of worry Sorgenfalten

c) Zug m (im Gesicht)

3. Zeile f:

read between the lines fig zwischen den Zeilen lesen; → drop C 9

4. TV (Bild) Zeile f

5. a) Vers m

b) pl THEAT etc Rolle f, Text m: → fluff B 3

c) pl SCHULE Br Strafarbeit f, -aufgabe f

6. pl (meist als sg konstruiert) besonders Br umg Trauschein m

7. umg (on) Information f (über akk), Hinweis m (auf akk)

8. US umg

a) Platte f (Geschwätz)

b) Tour f, Masche f (Trick)

9. Linie f, Richtung f:

line of attack

a) MIL Angriffsrichtung,

b) fig Taktik f;

line of fire MIL etc Schusslinie f;

get into sb’s line of fire jemandem in die Schusslinie geraten;

line of sight

a) Blickrichtung,

b) auch line of vision Gesichtslinie, -achse f;

hung on the line in Augenhöhe aufgehängt (Bild);

he said sth along these lines er sagte etwas in dieser Richtung; → resistance 1

10. pl Grundsätze pl, Richtlinie(n) f(pl):

the lines of his policy die Grundlinien seiner Politik;

on ( oder along) the lines of nach dem Prinzip (gen);

I would like to have sth on ( oder along) the lines of what you have ich möchte etwas von der Art wie Sie haben;

along these lines

a) nach diesen Grundsätzen,

b) folgendermaßen;

along general lines ganz allgemein, in großen Zügen;

along similar lines ähnlich;

it is out of line for sb to do sth es entspricht nicht jemandes Art, etwas zu tun

11. Art f und Weise f, Methode f, Verfahren n:

line of approach (to) Art und Weise (etwas) anzupacken, Methode;

line of argument (Art der) Beweisführung f;

line of reasoning Denkweise;

line of thought

a) Auffassung f,

b) Gedankengang m;

take a strong line energisch auftreten oder werden ( with sb gegenüber jemandem);

take a tougher line toward(s) härter vorgehen gegen, eine härtere Gangart einschlagen gegenüber;

take the line that … den Standpunkt vertreten, dass …;

don’t take that line with me! komm mir ja nicht so!;

in the line of nach Art von (od gen);

on strictly commercial lines auf streng geschäftlicher Grundlage, auf rein kommerzieller Basis; → hard line 1

12. Grenze f (auch fig), Grenzlinie f:

overstep the line of good taste über die Grenzen des guten Geschmacks hinausgehen;

there’s a very fine line between winning and losing Sieg und Niederlage liegen ganz dicht beieinander;

be on the line auf dem Spiel stehen;

your job is on the line auch es geht um deinen Job;

draw the line die Grenze ziehen, haltmachen ( beide:

at bei);

I draw the line at that da hört es bei mir auf;

go on the line US auf den Strich gehen umg;

lay ( oder put) on the line sein Leben, seinen Ruf etc aufs Spiel setzen;

lay it on the line that … in aller Deutlichkeit sagen, dass …;

I’ll lay it on the line for you! umg das kann ich Ihnen genau sagen!;

lines of responsibility Zuständigkeiten; → demarcation

13. pl

a) Linien(führung) pl(f), Konturen pl, Form f

b) Entwurf m

c) TECH Riss m

14. a) Reihe f, Kette f:

a line of poplars eine Pappelreihe

b) besonders US (Menschen-, auch Auto) Schlange f:

stand in line anstehen, Schlange stehen ( beide:

for um, nach);

drive in line AUTO Kolonne fahren;

be in line for fig Aussichten haben auf (akk);

be second in line for the throne an zweiter Stelle der Thronfolge stehen

15. Reihe f, Linie f:

in line with fig in Übereinstimmung oder im Einklang mit;

be in line fig übereinstimmen ( with mit);

out of line aus der Flucht, nicht in einer Linie;

be out of line fig nicht übereinstimmen ( with mit);

bring ( oder get) into line fig

a) in Einklang bringen ( with mit),

b) auf Vordermann bringen umg;

fall into line

a) sich einordnen,

b) MIL (in Reih und Glied) antreten,

c) fig sich anschließen ( with dat);

keep sb in line fig jemanden bei der Stange halten;

step ( oder get) out of line fig aus der Reihe tanzen umg;

in line of duty in Ausübung seines Dienstes oder seiner Pflicht; → toe B 2

16. a) (Abstammungs) Linie f

b) (Ahnen- etc) Reihe f

c) ZOOL (Zucht) Stamm m

d) Familie f, Stamm m, Geschlecht n:

the male line die männliche Linie;

in the direct line in direkter Linie;

line of succession Erbfolge f

17. pl besonders Br Los n, Geschick n: → hard line 2

18. Fach n, Gebiet n, Sparte f:

line (of business) Branche f, Geschäftszweig m;

in the banking line im Bankfach oder -wesen;

that’s not in my line

a) das schlägt nicht in mein Fach,

b) das liegt mir nicht;

that’s more in my line das liegt mir schon eher

19. (Verkehrs-, Eisenbahn- etc) Linie f, Strecke f, Route f, engS. BAHN Gleis n:

the end of the line fig das (bittere) Ende;

that’s the end of the line! fig Endstation!;

he was at the end of the line fig er war am Ende

20. (Flug- etc) Gesellschaft f

21. a) besonders TEL Leitung f:

get off the line aus der Leitung gehen;

hold the line bleiben Sie am Apparat!; → busy A 6, engaged 5, hot line

b) besonders TEL Anschluss m

c) TEL Amt n:

can I have a line, please?

22. TECH (Rohr) Leitung f:

oil line Ölleitung

23. TECH (Fertigungs) Straße f: → packaging B

24. WIRTSCH

a) Sorte f, Warengattung f

b) Posten m, Partie f

c) Sortiment n

d) Artikel m oder pl, Artikelserie f

25. MIL

a) Linie f:

behind the enemy lines hinter den feindlichen Linien;

line of battle Schlacht-, Gefechtslinie;

line of communications rückwärtige Verbindungen pl;

line of defence (US defense) (departure, retreat) Verteidigungs-(Ausgangs-, Rückzugs)linie

b) Front f:

go up the line nach vorn oder an die Front gehen;

all along the line, down the line fig auf der ganzen Linie, auch voll und ganz;

go down the line for US umg sich voll einsetzen für

c) Fronttruppe(n) f(pl)

26. GEOG Längen- oder Breitenkreis m:

the Line der Äquator;

cross the Line den Äquator überqueren

27. SCHIFF Linie f:

line abreast Dwarslinie;

line ahead Kiellinie

28. a) Leine f:

hang the washing up on the line die Wäsche auf die Leine hängen

b) Schnur f

c) Seil n

29. TEL etc

a) Draht m

b) Kabel n

B v/i → line up A 1, A 2

C v/t

1. Papier linieren, liniieren

2. → line up B 1

3. zeichnen

4. skizzieren

5. das Gesicht (zer)furchen

6. (ein)säumen:

lined with trees von Bäumen (ein)gesäumt;

thousands of people lined the streets Tausende von Menschen säumten die Straßen;

soldiers lined the street Soldaten bildeten an der Straße Spalier

line² [laın] v/t

1. ein Kleid etc füttern

2. besonders TECH (auf der Innenseite) überziehen oder belegen, ausfüttern, -gießen, -kleiden, -schlagen ( alle:

with mit), Bremsen, eine Kupplung belegen

3. als Futter oder Überzug dienen für

4. (an)füllen:

line one’s pocket(s) ( oder purse) in die eigene Tasche arbeiten, sich bereichern, sich die Taschen füllen;

line one’s stomach sich den Bauch vollschlagen umg

L., l. abk

1. lake

2. law

3. league

4. left li.

5. line

* * *
I 1.
[laɪn]noun

1) (string, cord, rope, etc.) Leine, die

[fishing-]line — [Angel]schnur, die

2) (telephone or telegraph cable) Leitung, die

our company has 20 lines — unsere Firma hat 20 Anschlüsse

get me a line to Washington — verbinden Sie mich mit Washington

bad line — schlechte Verbindung; see also hold II 1. k

3) (long mark; also Math., Phys.) Linie, die; (less precise or shorter) Strich, der; (Telev.) Zeile, die

4) in pl. (outline of car, ship, etc.) Linien Pl.

5) (boundary) Linie, die

lay something on the line [for somebody] — [jemandem] etwas rundheraus sagen

put oneself on the line — ein Risiko eingehen

6) (row) Reihe, die; (Amer.): (queue) Schlange, die

line of trees — Baumreihe, die

bring somebody into line — dafür sorgen, dass jmd. nicht aus der Reihe tanzt (ugs.)

come or fall into line — sich in die Reihe stellen; [Gruppe:] sich in einer Reihe aufstellen; (fig.) nicht mehr aus der Reihe tanzen (ugs.)

be in line [with something] — [mit etwas] in einer Linie liegen

be in line for promotion — Aussicht auf Beförderung haben

be in/out of line with something — (fig.) mit etwas in/nicht in Einklang stehen

somewhere along the line — irgendwann einmal

7) (row of words on a page) Zeile, die

lines — (actor's part) Text, der

drop me a line — schreib mir ein paar Zeilen

he gave the boy 100 lines — (Sch.) er ließ den Jungen 100 Zeilen abschreiben

8) (system of transport) Linie, die

[shipping] line — Schifffahrtslinie, die

9) (series of persons or things) Reihe, die; (generations of family) Linie, die

be third in line to the throne — dritter in der Thronfolge sein

10) (direction, course) Richtung, die

on the lines of — nach Art (+ Gen.)

on similar lines — auf ähnliche Art

be on the right/wrong lines — in die richtige/falsche Richtung gehen

along or on the same lines — in der gleichen Richtung

be on the same lines — die gleiche Richtung verfolgen

line of thought — Gedankengang, der

take a strong line with somebody — jemandem gegenüber bestimmt od. energisch auftreten

line of action — Vorgehensweise, die

11) (Railw.) Bahnlinie, die; (track) Gleis, das

the Waterloo line, the line to Waterloo — die Linie nach Waterloo

this is the end of the line [for you] — (fig.) dies ist das Aus [für dich]

12) (wrinkle) Falte, die

13) (field of activity) Branche, die; (academic) Fachrichtung, die

what's your line? — in welcher Branche sind Sie?/was ist Ihre Fachrichtung?

he's in the building line — er ist in der Baubranche

be in the line of duty/business — zu den Pflichten/zum Geschäft gehören

14) (Commerc.): (product) Artikel, der; Linie, die (fachspr.)

15) (Fashion) Linie, die

16) (Mil.): (series of defences) Linie, die

enemy lines — feindliche Stellungen od. Linien
2. transitive verb
1) (mark with lines) linieren [Papier]

a lined face — ein faltiges Gesicht

2) (stand at intervals along) säumen (geh.) [Straße, Strecke]

Phrasal Verbs:

- line up
II transitive verb
füttern [Kleidungsstück]; auskleiden [Magen, Nest]; ausschlagen [Schublade usw.]

line one's pockets — (fig.) sich (Dat.) die Taschen füllen

* * *

(US) n.

Schlange -n f.

Schlange -n f.

(Menschen-, Auto (<-s>)-)

Warteschlange f. (railway) n.

Gleis -e n. n.

Branche -n f.

Furche -n f.

Kurs -e (Verkehr) m.

Leine -n f.

Linie -n f.

Reihe -n f.

Richtung -en f.

Runzel -n f.

Strecke -n f.

Strich -e m.

Vers -e m.

Zeile -n f. v.

Spalier bilden ausdr.

auskleiden v.

English-german dictionary > line
12 birch

I [bɜːtʃ]
nome

1) (anche birch tree) betulla f.

2) (anche birch wood) legno m. di betulla, betulla f.

3) (anche birch rod) stor. verga f., sferza f.
II [bɜːtʃ]
verbo transitivo stor. fustigare [ offender]

* * *
[bə: ]
noun

1) ((also birch tree) a kind of small tree with pointed leaves valued for its wood: That tree is a birch; ( also adjective) birch leaves.) betulla

2) (its wood: a desk made of birch; ( also adjective) a birch desk.) betulla

* * *
birch /bɜ:tʃ/
n.

1 (= birch tree) (bot., Betula alba) betulla: birch rod, verga di betulla ( usata per sferzare)

2 – (stor.) the birch, l'uso della verga; fustigazione; frustate (pl.)
birchen
a.

di betulla.
(to) birch /bɜ:tʃ/
v. t.

(stor.) fustigare; sferzare.

* * *
I [bɜːtʃ]
nome

1) (anche birch tree) betulla f.

2) (anche birch wood) legno m. di betulla, betulla f.

3) (anche birch rod) stor. verga f., sferza f.
II [bɜːtʃ]
verbo transitivo stor. fustigare [ offender]

English-Italian dictionary > birch
13 bow

I
1) (curve, weapon, Mus.) Bogen, der

have two strings to one's bow — eine Alternative haben

2) (tied knot or ribbon) Schleife, die
II 1. intransitive verb
1) (submit) sich beugen (to Dat.)

2)

bow [down to or before somebody/something] — (bend) sich [vor jemandem/etwas] verbeugen od. verneigen

3) (incline head)

bow [to somebody] — sich [vor jemandem] verbeugen
2. transitive verb
(cause to bend) beugen

bowed down by or with care/responsibilities/age — (fig.) von Sorgen/Verpflichtungen niedergedrückt/vom Alter gebeugt
3. noun
Verbeugung, die
III noun
(Naut.) usu. in pl. Bug, der

in the bows — im Bug

on the bow — am Bug

* * *
I 1. verb
1) (to bend (the head and often also the upper part of the body) forwards in greeting a person etc: He bowed to the ladies; They bowed their heads in prayer.) (sich)(ver-)beugen

2) ((with to) to accept: I bow to your superior knowledge.) sich beugen
2. noun
(a bowing movement: He made a bow to the ladies.) die Verbeugung

- academic.ru/8468/bowed">bowed
II 1. [bəu] noun
1) (a springy curved rod bent by a string, by which arrows are shot.) der Bogen

2) (a rod with horsehair stretched along it, by which the strings of a violin etc are sounded.) der Bogen

3) (a looped knot of material: Her dress is decorated with bows.) die Schleife
2. noun
((often in plural) the front of a ship or boat: The waves broke over the bows.) der Bug

* * *

bow¹

[bəʊ, AM boʊ]

n

1. (weapon) Bogen m

\bow and arrows Pfeil und Bogen pl

to draw one's \bow den Bogen spannen

2. (for an instrument) Bogen m

3. (knot) Schleife f, Masche f ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ

4.

▶ to have many/two strings to one's \bow mehrere/zwei Eisen im Feuer haben fam

bow²

[baʊ]

I. vi

▪ to \bow [to sb/sth] sich akk [vor jdm/etw] verbeugen [o geh verneigen]

to \bow to public pressure ( fig) sich öffentlichem Druck beugen

▶ to \bow and scrape ( pej) katzbuckeln

II. vt

to \bow one's head den Kopf senken [o geh neigen

III. n

1. (bending over) Verbeugung f, Verneigung f geh

to give [or make] a \bow [to sb] [vor jdm] eine Verbeugung machen

to make one's \bow ( fig) sein Debüt geben

to take a \bow sich akk [unter Applaus] verbeugen

to take one's final \bow ( fig) seine letzte Vorstellung geben, zum letzten Mal auftreten

2. NAUT Bug m

3.

▶ to fire a warning shot across sb's \bows einen Warnschuss vor jds Bug abfeuern

* * *
I [bəʊ]
1. n

1) (for shooting arrows) Bogen m

a bow and arrow — Pfeil und Bogen pl

2) (MUS) Bogen m

up/down bow stroke — Auf-/Abstrich m

3) (= knot of ribbon etc) Schleife f

2. vi (MUS)
den Bogen führen
3. vt (MUS)
streichen II [baʊ]
1. n
(with head, body) Verbeugung f; (by young boy) Diener m
to make one's bow to sb — sich vor jdm verbeugen or verneigen (geh), jdm seine Reverenz erweisen (form)

to take a bow — sich verbeugen or verneigen

2. vi

1) (person with body) sich verbeugen, sich verneigen (geh) (to sb vor jdm); (young boy) einen Diener machen

to bow and scrape — katzbuckeln (pej), liebedienern (pej)

2) (= bend branches etc) sich biegen or beugen

3) (fig: defer, submit) sich beugen (before vor +dat, under unter +dat, to +dat)

to bow to the majority — sich der Mehrheit beugen

to bow to the inevitable — sich in das Unvermeidliche fügen

3. vt

1)

to bow one's head — den Kopf senken; (in prayer) sich verneigen

2) (= bend) branches beugen

old age had not bowed him — er war vom Alter ungebeugt (geh)

3)

(= defeat) to be bowed by sth — von etw schwer getroffen sein
III [baʊ]
n often pl
Bug m
in the bows — im Bug

on the port/starboard bow — backbord(s)/steuerbord(s) voraus

bow doors — Bugtor nt

* * *

bow¹ [baʊ]

A s Verbeugung f, Verneigung f:

a bow to fig eine Reverenz an (akk);

make one’s bow

a) sich verbeugen oder verneigen (to vor dat),

b) sich vorstellen,

c) → bow out B;

make its bow fig erscheinen, auf den Markt kommen;

take a bow sich verbeugen, sich für den Beifall bedanken

B v/t

1. den Nacken beugen, den Kopf neigen:

bow one’s thanks sich dankend verneigen;

bowed (down) with age vom Alter gebeugt;

bowed down with grief gramgebeugt; → knee A 1

2. biegen

C v/i

1. (to) sich verbeugen oder verneigen (vor dat), grüßen (akk):

bow back to sb jemandes Gruß erwidern;

bowing acquaintance oberflächliche(r) Bekannte(r), Grußbekanntschaft f, flüchtige Bekanntschaft;

have a bowing acquaintance with sb jemanden flüchtig kennen;

we are on bowing terms wir stehen auf dem Grüßfuß;

bow and scrape katzbuckeln pej

2. fig sich beugen oder unterwerfen (to dat):

bow to the inevitable sich in das Unvermeidliche fügen

bow² [bəʊ]

A s

1. (Schieß)Bogen m:

have more than one string to one’s bow fig mehrere Eisen im Feuer haben

2. Bogenschütze m, -schützin f

3. MUS

a) (Violin- etc) Bogen m

b) (Bogen-)Strich m

4. MATH Bogen m, Kurve f

5. TECH

a) Gradbogen m

b) Bogenlineal n

c) pl, auch pair of bows Bogenzirkel m

6. TECH Bügel m

7. ELEK Bügel m, Wippe f (zur Stromabnahme)

8. US

a) (Brillen) Gestell n

b) (Brillen) Bügel m

9. ARCH Erker m

10. Knoten m, Schleife f (auch des Halstuchs)

B v/t MUS (mit dem Bogen) streichen oder spielen oder geigen

C v/i MUS den Bogen führen

bow³ [baʊ] s SCHIFF

1. auch pl (Schiffs)Bug m:

at the bow am Bug;

on the starboard (port) bow an Steuerbord (Backbord) voraus;

a shot across the bows fig umg ein Schuss vor den Bug

2. a) Bugmann m

b) Bugriemen m

* * *
I
1) (curve, weapon, Mus.) Bogen, der

have two strings to one's bow — eine Alternative haben

2) (tied knot or ribbon) Schleife, die
II 1. intransitive verb
1) (submit) sich beugen (to Dat.)

2)

bow [down to or before somebody/something] — (bend) sich [vor jemandem/etwas] verbeugen od. verneigen

3) (incline head)

bow [to somebody] — sich [vor jemandem] verbeugen
2. transitive verb
(cause to bend) beugen

bowed down by or with care/responsibilities/age — (fig.) von Sorgen/Verpflichtungen niedergedrückt/vom Alter gebeugt
3. noun
Verbeugung, die
III noun
(Naut.) usu. in pl. Bug, der

in the bows — im Bug

on the bow — am Bug

* * *

(to) n.

Verbeugung f.

Verneigung (vor) f. n.

Bug -e (Schiff) m.

Schleife -n f. v.

beugen (höfflichkeit) v.

biegen v.

(§ p.,pp.: bog, gebogen)

English-german dictionary > bow
14 race

I 1. [reis] noun
(a competition to find who or which is the fastest: a horse race.) dirka
2. verb
1) (to (cause to) run in a race: I'm racing my horse on Saturday; The horse is racing against five others.) dirkati

2) (to have a competition with (someone) to find out who is the fastest: I'll race you to that tree.) tekmovati

3) (to go etc quickly: He raced along the road on his bike.) drveti

•

- racer
- racecourse
- racehorse
- racetrack
- racing-car
- a race against time
- the races II [reis]
1) (any one section of mankind, having a particular set of characteristics which make it different from other sections: the Negro race; the white races; ( also adjective) race relations.) rasa

2) (the fact of belonging to any of these various sections: the problem of race.) izvor

3) (a group of people who share the same culture, language etc; the Anglo-Saxon race.) rasa

•

- racial
- racialism
- racialist
- the human race
- of mixed race
* * *
I [réis]
noun

tek, tekanje; figuratively potek, tek (časa, stvari, življenja itd.); hitra struja, tok reke, brzica; American rečno korito, jez, kanal; mlinski žleb, rake; sport dirka, tekma, tekmovanje (tekačev, konj, jadrnic itd.); figuratively tekmovanje, boj, borba

the races — konjske dirke

race boat sport tekmovalni čoln

race driver — voznik dirkalnega avtomobila, avtomobilski dirkač

race horse — dirkalni konj

the race for the presidency — tekmovanje za predsedništvo

bicycle-race — kolesarska dirka

boat-race — veslaška tekma

horse-race — konjska dirka

motor-race — avtomobilska, motorna dirka

a half-mile race — tek na pol milje

the armement race — tekma v oboroževanju

obstacle race — tek čez zapreke

mill-race — mlinski žleb, rake

to attend the races — prisostvovati konjskim dirkam

to go to the races — iti, hoditi na dirke

to run a race — udeležiti se dirke

figuratively his race is run — življenje se mu je izteklo

his race was nearly run — bil je skoraj na koncu svoje življenjske poti
II [réis]
intransitive verb

dirkati, drveti, teči, hiteti; jadrati; meriti se v teku, v hitrosti ( with z), tekmovati ( with z), teči za stavo; iti s polno paro, z vso brzino (vijak, propeler itd.); redno prisostvovati konjskim dirkam, biti vnet gledalec konjskih dirk

a racing man — ljubitelj konjskega športa.

the race racing world — ljubitelji konjskega športa

the blood raced to his head — kri mu je planila v glavo; transitive verb pognati v dir, v tek; dreviti; meriti se, tekmovati v teku itd. s kom; jahati (konja) v dirki; dohiteti

he raced me through Italy — drevil me je skozi Italijo (ne da bi se kje ustavila)

to race a train — tekmovati v hitrosti z vlakom

he raced his horse against the train — drevil je konja v tekmi z vlakom

to race one's fortune away — zaigrati premoženje v stavah na konjskih dirkah
III [réis]
noun

rasa; pleme, pasma; poreklo, rod; zoology & botany vrsta, razred; rod, vrsta ljudi z neko skupno potezo; rasna lastnost

the race of politicians — kasta politikov

race riot — rasni nemiri

the human race — človeški rod

the winged race — ptice

race suicide — rasni samomor (zaradi nazadovanj rojstev itd.)
IV [réis]
noun

koren (ingverja)

English-Slovenian dictionary > race
15 bow

I [bəu] n
( knot) kokarda f; ( weapon) łuk m; ( MUS) smyczek m
II 1. [bau] n
( greeting) ukłon m; ( NAUT) (also: bows) dziób m
2. vi
kłaniać się (ukłonić się perf)

to bow to/before — ( pressure) uginać się (ugiąć się perf) pod +instr; ( sb's wishes) przystawać (przystać perf) na +acc

to bow to the inevitable — godzić się (pogodzić się perf) z losem

* * *
I 1. verb
1) (to bend (the head and often also the upper part of the body) forwards in greeting a person etc: He bowed to the ladies; They bowed their heads in prayer.) skłonić (się)

2) ((with to) to accept: I bow to your superior knowledge.) chylić czoło
2. noun
(a bowing movement: He made a bow to the ladies.) ukłon

- bowed
II 1. [bəu] noun
1) (a springy curved rod bent by a string, by which arrows are shot.) łuk

2) (a rod with horsehair stretched along it, by which the strings of a violin etc are sounded.) smyczek

3) (a looped knot of material: Her dress is decorated with bows.) kokarda
2. noun
((often in plural) the front of a ship or boat: The waves broke over the bows.) dziób

English-Polish dictionary > bow
16 Morland, Sir Samuel

SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering

[br]

b. 1625 Sulhampton, near Reading, Berkshire, England

d. 26 December 1695 Hammersmith, near London, England

[br]

English mathematician and inventor.

[br]

Morland was one of several sons of the Revd Thomas Morland and was probably initially educated by his father. He went to Winchester School from 1639 to 1644 and then to Magdalene College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1648 and MA in 1652. He was appointed a tutor there in 1650. In 1653 he went to Sweden in the ambassadorial staff of Bulstrode Whitelocke and remained there until 1654. In that year he was appointed Clerk to Mr Secretary Thurloe, and in 1655 he was accredited by Oliver Cromwell to the Duke of Savoy to appeal for the Waldenses. In 1657 he married Susanne de Milleville of Boissy, France, with whom he had three children. In 1660 he went over to the Royalists, meeting King Charles at Breda, Holland. On 20 May, the King knighted him, creating him baron, for revealing a conspiracy against the king's life. He was also granted a pension of£500 per year. In 1661, at the age of 36, he decided to devote himself to mathematics and invention. He devised a mechanical calculator, probably based on the pattern of Blaise Pascal, for adding and subtracting: this was followed in 1666 by one for multiplying and other functions. A Perpetual Calendar or Almanack followed; he toyed with the idea of a "gunpowder engine" for raising water; he developed a range of speaking trum-pets, said to have a range of 1/2 to 1 mile (0.8–1.6 km) or more; also iron stoves for use on board ships, and improvements to barometers.

By 1675 he had started selling a range of pumps for private houses, for mines or deep wells, for ships, for emptying ponds or draining low ground as well as to quench fire or wet the sails of ships. The pumps cost from £5 to £63, and the great novelty was that he used, instead of packing around the cylinder sealing against the bore of the cylinder, a neck-gland or seal around the outside diameter of the piston or piston-rod. This revolutionary step avoided the necessity of accurately boring the cylinder, replacing it with the need to machine accurately the outside diameter of the piston or rod, a much easier operation. Twenty-seven variations of size and materials were included in his schedule of'Pumps or Water Engines of Isaac Thompson of Great Russel Street', the maker of Morland's design. In 1681 the King made him "Magister mechanicorum", or Master of Machines. In that year he sailed for France to advise Louis XIV on the waterworks being built at Marly to supply the Palace of Versailles. About this time he had shown King Charles plans for a pumping engine "worked by fire alone". He petitioned for a patent for this, but did not pursue the matter.

In 1692 he went blind. In all, he married five times. While working for Cromwell he became an expert in ciphers, in opening sealed letters and in their rapid copying.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Knighted 1660.

Bibliography

1685, Elevation des eaux.

Further Reading

H.W.Dickinson, 1970, Sir Samuel Morland: Diplomat and Inventor, Cambridge: Newcomen Society/Heffers.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Morland, Sir Samuel
17 Edison, Thomas Alva

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Automotive engineering, Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Metallurgy, Photography, film and optics, Public utilities, Recording, Telecommunications

[br]

b. 11 February 1847 Milan, Ohio, USA

d. 18 October 1931 Glenmont

[br]

American inventor and pioneer electrical developer.

[br]

He was the son of Samuel Edison, who was in the timber business. His schooling was delayed due to scarlet fever until 1855, when he was 8½ years old, but he was an avid reader. By the age of 14 he had a job as a newsboy on the railway from Port Huron to Detroit, a distance of sixty-three miles (101 km). He worked a fourteen-hour day with a stopover of five hours, which he spent in the Detroit Free Library. He also sold sweets on the train and, later, fruit and vegetables, and was soon making a profit of $20 a week. He then started two stores in Port Huron and used a spare freight car as a laboratory. He added a hand-printing press to produce 400 copies weekly of The Grand Trunk Herald, most of which he compiled and edited himself. He set himself to learn telegraphy from the station agent at Mount Clements, whose son he had saved from being run over by a freight car.

At the age of 16 he became a telegraphist at Port Huron. In 1863 he became railway telegraphist at the busy Stratford Junction of the Grand Trunk Railroad, arranging a clock with a notched wheel to give the hourly signal which was to prove that he was awake and at his post! He left hurriedly after failing to hold a train which was nearly involved in a head-on collision. He usually worked the night shift, allowing himself time for experiments during the day. His first invention was an arrangement of two Morse registers so that a high-speed input could be decoded at a slower speed. Moving from place to place he held many positions as a telegraphist. In Boston he invented an automatic vote recorder for Congress and patented it, but the idea was rejected. This was the first of a total of 1180 patents that he was to take out during his lifetime. After six years he resigned from the Western Union Company to devote all his time to invention, his next idea being an improved ticker-tape machine for stockbrokers. He developed a duplex telegraphy system, but this was turned down by the Western Union Company. He then moved to New York.

Edison found accommodation in the battery room of Law's Gold Reporting Company, sleeping in the cellar, and there his repair of a broken transmitter marked him as someone of special talents. His superior soon resigned, and he was promoted with a salary of $300 a month. Western Union paid him $40,000 for the sole rights on future improvements on the duplex telegraph, and he moved to Ward Street, Newark, New Jersey, where he employed a gathering of specialist engineers. Within a year, he married one of his employees, Mary Stilwell, when she was only 16: a daughter, Marion, was born in 1872, and two sons, Thomas and William, in 1876 and 1879, respectively.

He continued to work on the automatic telegraph, a device to send out messages faster than they could be tapped out by hand: that is, over fifty words per minute or so. An earlier machine by Alexander Bain worked at up to 400 words per minute, but was not good over long distances. Edison agreed to work on improving this feature of Bain's machine for the Automatic Telegraph Company (ATC) for $40,000. He improved it to a working speed of 500 words per minute and ran a test between Washington and New York. Hoping to sell their equipment to the Post Office in Britain, ATC sent Edison to England in 1873 to negotiate. A 500-word message was to be sent from Liverpool to London every half-hour for six hours, followed by tests on 2,200 miles (3,540 km) of cable at Greenwich. Only confused results were obtained due to induction in the cable, which lay coiled in a water tank. Edison returned to New York, where he worked on his quadruplex telegraph system, tests of which proved a success between New York and Albany in December 1874. Unfortunately, simultaneous negotiation with Western Union and ATC resulted in a lawsuit.

Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for a telephone in March 1876 while Edison was still working on the same idea. His improvements allowed the device to operate over a distance of hundreds of miles instead of only a few miles. Tests were carried out over the 106 miles (170 km) between New York and Philadelphia. Edison applied for a patent on the carbon-button transmitter in April 1877, Western Union agreeing to pay him $6,000 a year for the seventeen-year duration of the patent. In these years he was also working on the development of the electric lamp and on a duplicating machine which would make up to 3,000 copies from a stencil. In 1876–7 he moved from Newark to Menlo Park, twenty-four miles (39 km) from New York on the Pennsylvania Railway, near Elizabeth. He had bought a house there around which he built the premises that would become his "inventions factory". It was there that he began the use of his 200- page pocket notebooks, each of which lasted him about two weeks, so prolific were his ideas. When he died he left 3,400 of them filled with notes and sketches.

Late in 1877 he applied for a patent for a phonograph which was granted on 19 February 1878, and by the end of the year he had formed a company to manufacture this totally new product. At the time, Edison saw the device primarily as a business aid rather than for entertainment, rather as a dictating machine. In August 1878 he was granted a British patent. In July 1878 he tried to measure the heat from the solar corona at a solar eclipse viewed from Rawlins, Wyoming, but his "tasimeter" was too sensitive.

Probably his greatest achievement was "The Subdivision of the Electric Light" or the "glow bulb". He tried many materials for the filament before settling on carbon. He gave a demonstration of electric light by lighting up Menlo Park and inviting the public. Edison was, of course, faced with the problem of inventing and producing all the ancillaries which go to make up the electrical system of generation and distribution-meters, fuses, insulation, switches, cabling—even generators had to be designed and built; everything was new. He started a number of manufacturing companies to produce the various components needed.

In 1881 he built the world's largest generator, which weighed 27 tons, to light 1,200 lamps at the Paris Exhibition. It was later moved to England to be used in the world's first central power station with steam engine drive at Holborn Viaduct, London. In September 1882 he started up his Pearl Street Generating Station in New York, which led to a worldwide increase in the application of electric power, particularly for lighting. At the same time as these developments, he built a 1,300yd (1,190m) electric railway at Menlo Park.

On 9 August 1884 his wife died of typhoid. Using his telegraphic skills, he proposed to 19-year-old Mina Miller in Morse code while in the company of others on a train. He married her in February 1885 before buying a new house and estate at West Orange, New Jersey, building a new laboratory not far away in the Orange Valley.

Edison used direct current which was limited to around 250 volts. Alternating current was largely developed by George Westinghouse and Nicola Tesla, using transformers to step up the current to a higher voltage for long-distance transmission. The use of AC gradually overtook the Edison DC system.

In autumn 1888 he patented a form of cinephotography, the kinetoscope, obtaining film-stock from George Eastman. In 1893 he set up the first film studio, which was pivoted so as to catch the sun, with a hinged roof which could be raised. In 1894 kinetoscope parlours with "peep shows" were starting up in cities all over America. Competition came from the Latham Brothers with a screen-projection machine, which Edison answered with his "Vitascope", shown in New York in 1896. This showed pictures with accompanying sound, but there was some difficulty with synchronization. Edison also experimented with captions at this early date.

In 1880 he filed a patent for a magnetic ore separator, the first of nearly sixty. He bought up deposits of low-grade iron ore which had been developed in the north of New Jersey. The process was a commercial success until the discovery of iron-rich ore in Minnesota rendered it uneconomic and uncompetitive. In 1898 cement rock was discovered in New Village, west of West Orange. Edison bought the land and started cement manufacture, using kilns twice the normal length and using half as much fuel to heat them as the normal type of kiln. In 1893 he met Henry Ford, who was building his second car, at an Edison convention. This started him on the development of a battery for an electric car on which he made over 9,000 experiments. In 1903 he sold his patent for wireless telegraphy "for a song" to Guglielmo Marconi.

In 1910 Edison designed a prefabricated concrete house. In December 1914 fire destroyed three-quarters of the West Orange plant, but it was at once rebuilt, and with the threat of war Edison started to set up his own plants for making all the chemicals that he had previously been buying from Europe, such as carbolic acid, phenol, benzol, aniline dyes, etc. He was appointed President of the Navy Consulting Board, for whom, he said, he made some forty-five inventions, "but they were pigeonholed, every one of them". Thus did Edison find that the Navy did not take kindly to civilian interference.

In 1927 he started the Edison Botanic Research Company, founded with similar investment from Ford and Firestone with the object of finding a substitute for overseas-produced rubber. In the first year he tested no fewer than 3,327 possible plants, in the second year, over 1,400, eventually developing a variety of Golden Rod which grew to 14 ft (4.3 m) in height. However, all this effort and money was wasted, due to the discovery of synthetic rubber.

In October 1929 he was present at Henry Ford's opening of his Dearborn Museum to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the incandescent lamp, including a replica of the Menlo Park laboratory. He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and was elected to the American Academy of Sciences. He died in 1931 at his home, Glenmont; throughout the USA, lights were dimmed temporarily on the day of his funeral.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Member of the American Academy of Sciences. Congressional Gold Medal.

Further Reading

M.Josephson, 1951, Edison, Eyre \& Spottiswode.

R.W.Clark, 1977, Edison, the Man who Made the Future, Macdonald \& Jane.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Edison, Thomas Alva
18 bar

1. noun
1) (long piece of rigid material) Stange, die; (shorter, thinner also) Stab, der; (of gold, silver) Barren, der

a bar of soap — ein Stück Seife

a bar of chocolate — ein Riegel Schokolade; (slab) eine Tafel Schokolade

2) (Sport) Stab, der; (crossbar) [Sprung]latte, die

parallel bars — Barren, der

high or horizontal bar — Reck, das

3) (heating element) Heizelement, das (Elektrot.)

4) (band) Streifen, der; (on medal) silberner Querstreifen

5) (rod, pole) Stange, die; (of cage, prison) Gitterstab, der

behind bars — (in prison) hinter Gittern; (into prison) hinter Gitter

6) (barrier, lit. or fig.) Barriere, die (to für)

a bar on recruitment/promotion — ein Einstellungs-/Beförderungsstopp

7) (for refreshment) Bar, die; (counter) Theke, die

8) (Law): (place at which prisoner stands) ≈ Anklagebank, die

the prisoner at the bar — der/die Angeklagte

9) (Law): (particular court) Gerichtshof, der

be called to the bar — als Anwalt vor höheren Gerichten zugelassen werden

the Bar — die höhere Anwaltschaft

10) (Mus.) Takt, der

11) (sandbank, shoal) Barre, die; Sandbank, die
2. transitive verb,
- rr-

1) (fasten) verriegeln

barred window — vergittertes Fenster

2) (obstruct) sperren [Straße, Weg] (to für)

bar somebody's way — jemandem den Weg versperren

3) (prohibit, hinder) verbieten

bar somebody from doing something — jemanden daran hindern, etwas zu tun
3. preposition
abgesehen von

bar none — ohne Einschränkung

* * *
1. noun
1) (a rod or oblong piece (especially of a solid substance): a gold bar; a bar of chocolate; iron bars on the windows.) der Barren, die Stange

2) (a broad line or band: The blue material had bars of red running through it.) der Strich

3) (a bolt: a bar on the door.) der Riegel

4) (a counter at which or across which articles of a particular kind are sold: a snack bar; Your whisky is on the bar.) die Bar

5) (a public house.) das Gericht

6) (a measured division in music: Sing the first ten bars.) der Takt

7) (something which prevents (something): His carelessness is a bar to his promotion.) das Hindernis

8) (the rail at which the prisoner stands in court: The prisoner at the bar collapsed when he was sentenced to ten years' imprisonment.) Schranke vor der Richterbank
2. verb
1) (to fasten with a bar: Bar the door.) verriegeln

2) (to prevent from entering: He's been barred from the club.) ausschließen

3) (to prevent (from doing something): My lack of money bars me from going on holiday.) hindern
3. preposition
(except: All bar one of the family had measles.) außer

- academic.ru/5530/barmaid">barmaid
- barman
- bar code
* * *

Bar

[bɑ:ʳ, AM bɑ:r]

n LAW

▪ the \Bar

1. BRIT, AUS (in higher courts) die höhere Anwaltschaft

to be called to the \Bar als Anwalt/Anwältin vor höheren Gerichten zugelassen werden

2. (ruling body) die Anwaltschaft

the Bench and the \Bar Richter und Anwälte

the \Bar Council BRIT Anwaltskammer f

the [American] \Bar Association die US-Bundesanwaltskammer

to be admitted to the \Bar AM als Anwalt/Anwältin [vor Gericht] zugelassen werden

to read for the \Bar BRIT Jura studieren [um Anwalt zu werden]

* * *
I [bAː(r)]
1. n

1) (of metal, wood) Stange f; (of toffee etc) Riegel m; (of electric fire) Element nt

bar of gold — Goldbarren m

a bar of soap — ein Stück nt Seife

a two-bar electric fire — ein Heizgerät nt mit zwei Heizstäben

2) (of window, grate, cage) (Gitter)stab m; (of door) Stange f

the window has bars — das Fenster ist vergittert

behind bars — hinter Gittern

to put sb behind bars — jdn hinter Gitter or hinter Schloss und Riegel bringen

3) (SPORT) (horizontal) Reck nt; (for high jump etc) Latte f; (= one of parallel bars) Holm m

bars pl (parallel) — Barren m

(wall) bars — Sprossenwand f

to exercise on the bars — am Barren turnen

4) (BALLET) Stange f

at the bar — an der Stange

5) (COMPUT) Leiste f

6) (fig: obstacle) Hindernis nt (to für), Hemmnis nt (to für)

to be a bar to sth — einer Sache (dat) im Wege stehen

7) (of colour) Streifen m; (of light) Strahl m, Streifen m

8) (JUR)

the Bar — die Anwaltschaft

to be a member of the Bar — Anwalt vor Gericht sein

admitted to the Bar — als Anwalt (vor Gericht) or Verteidiger zugelassen werden

to read for the Bar —

at the bar of public opinion (fig) — vor dem Forum der Öffentlichkeit

9) (for prisoners) Anklagebank f

to stand at the bar — auf der Anklagebank sitzen

prisoner at the bar — "Angeklagter!"

10) (for drinks) Lokal nt; (esp expensive) Bar f; (part of pub) Gaststube f; (= counter) Theke f, Tresen m; (at railway station) Ausschank m

we're going to the bars ( US inf ) — wir machen eine Kneipentour, wir machen die Kneipen unsicher (inf)

11) (MUS) Takt m; (= bar line) Taktstrich m

12) (Brit

on medal) DSO and bar — zweimal verliehener DSO

13) (HER) Balken m

14) (MET) Bar nt

15) (in river, harbour) Barre f

2. vt

1) (= obstruct) road blockieren, versperren

to bar sb's way — jdm den Weg versperren or verstellen

to bar the way to progress — dem Fortschritt im Wege stehen

2) (= fasten) window, door versperren

to bar the door against sb — jdm die Tür versperren

3) (= exclude, prohibit) person, possibility ausschließen; action, thing untersagen, verbieten

to bar sb from a competition — jdn von (der Teilnahme an) einem Wettbewerb ausschließen

to bar sb from a career — jdm eine Karriere unmöglich machen

they've been barred (from the club) — sie haben Klubverbot

minors are barred from this club — Minderjährige haben keinen Zutritt zu diesem Klub
II
prep

bar none — ohne Ausnahme, ausnahmslos

bar one — außer einem

* * *

bar [bɑː(r)]

A s

1. Stange f, Stab m:

bars pl Gitter n;

behind bars fig hinter Gittern, hinter Schloss und Riegel;

put behind bars fig hinter Schloss und Riegel bringen

2. Riegel m, Querbalken m, -holz n, -stange f

3. Schranke f, Barriere f, Sperre f:

the bar (of the House) PARL Br die Schranke (im Ober- od Unterhaus, bis zu der geladene Zeugen vortreten dürfen)

4. fig (to) Hindernis n (für), Schranke f (gegen):

be a bar to progress dem Fortschritt im Wege stehen;

let down the bars alle (besonders moralischen) Beschränkungen fallen lassen, US die polizeiliche Überwachung (besonders des Nachtlebens) lockern

5. Riegel m, Stange f:

a bar of soap ein Riegel oder Stück Seife;

a bar of chocolate, a chocolate bar ein Riegel (weitS. eine Tafel) Schokolade;

bar copper Stangenkupfer n;

bar soap Stangenseife f

6. Brechstange f

7. WIRTSCH, TECH (Gold- etc) Barren m

8. TECH

a) allg Schiene f

b) Zugwaage f (am Wagen)

c) Maschinenbau: Leitschiene f oder -stange f

d) Schieber m, Schubriegel m

e) Lamelle f

9. Barren m, Stange f (als Maßeinheit)

10. Band n, Streifen m, Strahl m (von Farbe, Licht etc):

a bar of sunlight ein Sonnenstrahl

11. SCHIFF Barre f, Sandbank f (am Hafeneingang)

12. a) (dicker) Strich:

a vertical bar

b) Heraldik: (horizontaler) Balken

c) TV Balken m (auf dem Bildschirm)

d) COMPUT Leiste f

13. MUS

a) Taktstrich m

b) (ein) Takt m:

bar rest (Ganz)Taktpause f

14. a) Bar f

b) Bar f, Schanktisch m, Theke f

c) Schankraum m

d) Lokal n, Imbissstube f

15. JUR

a) Hindernis n (to für), Ausschließungsgrund m

b) Einrede f:

defence (US defense) in bar perem(p)torische Einrede;

bar to marriage Ehehindernis;

as a bar to, in bar of etwas ausschließend, zwecks Ausschlusses (gen)

16. JUR (Gerichts)Schranke f:

at the bar vor Gericht;

case at bar US zur Verhandlung stehender Fall;

prisoner at the bar Angeklagte(r) m/f(m)

17. JUR (das tagende) Gericht

18. fig Gericht n, Tribunal n, Schranke f:

at the bar of public opinion vor den Schranken oder vor dem Tribunal der öffentlichen Meinung

19. Bar JUR

a) Anwaltsberuf m,

b) (auch als pl konstruiert) (die gesamte) Anwaltschaft, Br (der) Stand der barristers:

admission (Br call[ing]) the Bar Zulassung f als Anwalt (Br barrister);

be admitted (Br called) to the Bar als Anwalt (Br barrister) zugelassen werden;

be called within the Bar Br zum King’s ( oder Queen’s) Counsel ernannt werden;

go to the Bar Br barrister werden;

read for the Bar Br Jura studieren;

Bar Association US (Rechts-)Anwaltskammer f;

Bar Council Br Standesrat m der barristers

20. PHYS Bar n (Maßeinheit des Drucks)

21. a) Schaumstange f (eines Stangengebisses)

b) Träger pl (Teile des Pferdegaumens)

c) pl Sattelbäume pl, Stege pl

22. (Quer)Band n (an einer Medaille), (Ordens) Spange f

23. SPORT

a) (Reck) Stange f

b) (Barren) Holm m

c) (Tor-, Quer) Latte f

d) (Sprung) Latte f

B v/t

1. zu-, verriegeln: → barred

2. auch bar up vergittern, mit Schranken umgeben

3. auch bar in einsperren:

bar out aussperren

4. den Weg etc versperren

5. JUR eine Klage, den Rechtsweg etc ausschließen

6. a) (ver)hindern, hemmen

b) (from) hindern (an dat), abhalten (von)

c) jemanden oder etwas ausschließen ( from aus)

d) jemandem Haus- oder Lokalverbot erteilen:

he’s been barred from there er hat dort Lokalverbot; → barring

7. verbieten, untersagen: → hold² A 3

8. mit Streifen versehen

9. MUS mit Taktstrichen unterteilen, in Takte einteilen

C präp außer, ausgenommen, abgesehen von:

bar one außer einem;

bar none ohne Einschränkung

* * *
1. noun
1) (long piece of rigid material) Stange, die; (shorter, thinner also) Stab, der; (of gold, silver) Barren, der

a bar of soap — ein Stück Seife

a bar of chocolate — ein Riegel Schokolade; (slab) eine Tafel Schokolade

2) (Sport) Stab, der; (crossbar) [Sprung]latte, die

parallel bars — Barren, der

high or horizontal bar — Reck, das

3) (heating element) Heizelement, das (Elektrot.)

4) (band) Streifen, der; (on medal) silberner Querstreifen

5) (rod, pole) Stange, die; (of cage, prison) Gitterstab, der

behind bars — (in prison) hinter Gittern; (into prison) hinter Gitter

6) (barrier, lit. or fig.) Barriere, die (to für)

a bar on recruitment/promotion — ein Einstellungs-/Beförderungsstopp

7) (for refreshment) Bar, die; (counter) Theke, die

8) (Law): (place at which prisoner stands) ≈ Anklagebank, die

the prisoner at the bar — der/die Angeklagte

9) (Law): (particular court) Gerichtshof, der

be called to the bar — als Anwalt vor höheren Gerichten zugelassen werden

the Bar — die höhere Anwaltschaft

10) (Mus.) Takt, der

11) (sandbank, shoal) Barre, die; Sandbank, die
2. transitive verb,
- rr-

1) (fasten) verriegeln

barred window — vergittertes Fenster

2) (obstruct) sperren [Straße, Weg] (to für)

bar somebody's way — jemandem den Weg versperren

3) (prohibit, hinder) verbieten

bar somebody from doing something — jemanden daran hindern, etwas zu tun
3. preposition
abgesehen von

bar none — ohne Einschränkung

* * *

(drinking) n.

Lokal -e n. (drinks serving counter) n.

Theke -n f.

Tresen - n. (legal profession) n.

Anwaltschaft f. (line) n.

Strich -e m. (metal) n.

Stange -n f. (music) n.

Takt -e (Musik) m. n.

Bar -s f.

Barren - m.

Gaststätte f.

Kneipe -n f.

Riegel - m.

Schanklokal n.

Schankwirtschaft f.

English-german dictionary > bar
19 Fauvelle, Pierre-Pascal

SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology

[br]

b. 4 June 1797 Rethel, Ardennes, France

d. 19 December 1867 Perpignan, France

[br]

French inventor of hydraulic boring.

[br]

While attending the drilling of artesian wells in southern France in 1833, Fauvelle noticed that the debris from the borehole was carried out by the ascending water. This observation caused him to conceive the idea that the boring process need not necessarily be interrupted in order to clear the hole with an auger. It took him eleven years to develop his idea and to find financial backing to carry out his project in practice. In 1844, within a period of fifty-four days, he secretly bored an artesian well 219 m (718 ft) deep in Perpignan. One year later he secured his invention with a patent in France, and with another the following year in Spain.

Fauvelle's process involved water being forced by a pressure pump through hollow rods to the bottom of the drill, whence it ascended through the annular space between the rod and the wall of the borehole, thus flushing the mud up to the surface. This method was similar to that of Robert Beart who had secured a patent in Britain but had not put it into practice. Although Fauvelle was not primarily concerned with the rotating action of the drill, his hydraulic boring method and its subsequent developments by his stepson, Alphonse de Basterot, formed an important step towards modern rotary drilling, which began with the work of Anthony F. Lucas near Beaumont, Texas, at the turn of the twentieth century. In the 1870s Albert Fauck, who also contributed important developments to the structure of boring rigs, had combined Fauvelle's hydraulic system with core-boring in the United States.

[br]

Bibliography

1846, "Sur un nouveau système de forage", Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences, pp. 438–40; also printed in 1847 in Le Technologiste 8, pp. 87–8.

Further Reading

A.Birembeaut, 1968, "Pierre-Pascal Fauvelle", Dictionnaire de biographie française, vol. 13, pp. 808–10; also in L'Indépendant, Perpignan, 5–10 February (biography).

A.de Basterot, 1868, Puits artésiens, sondages de mines, sondages d'études, système

Fauvelle et de Basterot, Brussels (a detailed description of Fauvelle's methods and de Basterot's developments).

See also: Crælius, Per Anton

WK

Biographical history of technology > Fauvelle, Pierre-Pascal
20 spare

speə
1. verb
1) (to manage without: No-one can be spared from this office.) prescindir, pasar sin

2) (to afford or set aside for a purpose: I can't spare the time for a holiday.) disponer de

3) (to treat with mercy; to avoid injuring etc: `Spare us!' they begged.) perdonar

4) (to avoid causing grief, trouble etc to (a person): Break the news gently in order to spare her as much as possible.) evitar

5) (to avoid using, spending etc: He spared no expense in his desire to help us.) escatimar

6) (to avoid troubling (a person with something); to save (a person trouble etc): I answered the letter myself in order to spare you the bother.) evitar

2. adjective
1) (extra; not actually being used: We haven't a spare (bed) room for guests in our house.) de repuesto, de sobra

2) ((of time etc) free for leisure etc: What do you do in your spare time?) libre

3. noun
1) (a spare part (for a car etc): They sell spares at that garage.) pieza de recambio, pieza de repuesto

2) (an extra wheel etc, kept for emergencies.) rueda de recambio

•

- sparing
- sparingly
- spare part
- spare rib
- and to spare
- to spare

spare¹ adj

1. de repuesto / de recambio

a spare wheel una rueda de repuesto

2. de sobra / sobrante / de más

have you got a spare ticket? ¿tienes una entrada de más? / ¿te sobra una entrada?

spare² vb

1. dar / dejar / tener

can you spare me £10? ¿me puedes dar diez libras?

can you spare me five minutes? ¿tienes cinco minutos?

2. perdonar

they spared his life le perdonaron la vida

... to spare... de sobra

we have lots of time to spare tenemos tiempo de sobra

spare

tr[speə^SMALLr/SMALL]

adjective

1 (reserve) de repuesto; (free) libre; (extra) de sobra

■ a spare key una llave de repuesto

■ the spare room el cuarto de los invitados

■ a spare moment un momento libre

■ we've got a spare ticket tenemos una entrada de sobra

■ have you got any spare change? ¿tienes algo suelto?

2 (thin, lean) enjuto,-a

noun

1 (spare part) recambio, repuesto

transitive verb

1 (do without) prescindir de, pasar sin

■ we can't spare anyone today no podemos prescindir de nadie hoy

■ can you spare a few coins? ¿te sobran algunas monedas?

■ I can't spare the time no tengo tiempo

■ can you spare me five minutes? ¿tienes cinco minutos?, ¿puedes dedicarme cinco minutos?

2 (begrudge) escatimar

■ no expense was spared no repararon en gastos

■ no trouble was spared no escatimaron esfuerzos

3 (save, relieve) ahorrar, evitar

■ I wanted to spare myself the trouble quería ahorrarme la molestia

■ spare me the gory details ahórrate los detalles escabrosos

4 literal (not harm, not kill, show mercy) perdonar

■ we prayed that his life might be spared rogamos para que le perdonaran la vida

■ he tried to spare her feelings procuró no herir sus sentimientos

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to go spare (become angry) cabrearse, enloquecer 2 (be leftover) sobrar

to spare de sobra

■ have you got any bread to spare? ¿tienes algo de pan de sobra?

to spare a thought for somebody pensar un momento en alguien

to spare somebody's blushes ahorrarle un bochorno a alguien, no hacer que alguien pase vergüenza

spare part (pieza de) recambio, pieza de repuesta

spare time tiempo libre

spare tyre (wheel) rueda de recambio 2 (stomach) michelín nombre masculino

spare wheel rueda de recambio

spare ['spær] vt, spared ; sparing

1) : perdonar

to spare someone's life: perdonarle la vida a alguien

2) save: ahorrar, evitar

I'll spare you the trouble: le evitaré la molestia

3) : prescindir de

I can't spare her: no puedo prescindir de ella

can you spare a dollar?: ¿me das un dólar?

4) stint: escatimar

they spared no expense: no repararon en gastos

5)

to spare : de sobra

spare adj

1) : de repuesto, de recambio

spare tire: llanta de repuesto

2) excess: de más, de sobra

spare time: tiempo libre

3) lean: delgado

spare n or spare part : repuesto m, recambio m

spare

adj.

• descarnado, -a adj.

• desocupado, -a adj.

• disponible adj.

• enjuto, -a adj.

• libre adj.

• sobrante adj.

• sobrero, -a adj.

• suelto, -a adj.

n.

• pieza de recambio s.f.

• recambio s.m.

• repuesto s.m.

v.

• ahorrar v.

• economizar v.

• escasear v.

• evitar v.

I sper, speə(r)
adjective

a) ( not in use) de más

have you got a spare umbrella you could lend me? — ¿tienes un paraguas de más que me puedas prestar?

have you got any spare paper o (BrE also) any paper spare? — ¿tienes un poco de papel que no te haga falta?

to go spare — (BrE colloq) ( become distraught) enloquecerse*, volverse* loco; (lit: be available) sobrar

b) ( in case of need) (before n) <key/cartridge> de repuesto

c) ( free) libre

if you've got a spare minute — si tienes un minuto (libre)

II

noun

a) ( reserve)

I'll take a spare just in case — llevaré uno de repuesto por si acaso

b) spares pl ( spare parts) (BrE) repuestos mpl or (Méx) refacciones fpl

III

transitive verb

1)

a) ( do without)

can you spare your dictionary for a moment? — ¿me permites el diccionario un momento, si no lo necesitas?

if you can spare the time — si tienes or dispones de tiempo

b) ( give)

to spare (somebody) something: can you spare me a pound? ¿tienes una libra que me prestes/des?; can you spare me a few minutes? ¿tienes unos minutos?; to spare a thought for somebody — pensar* un momento en alguien

c)

to spare — (as adj)

there's food to spare — hay comida de sobra

have you got a few minutes to spare? — ¿tienes unos minutos?

we arrived at the station with half an hour to spare — llegamos a la estación con media hora de anticipación

2)

a) (keep from using, stint) (usu neg)

to spare no effort — no escatimar esfuerzos

to spare no expense — no reparar en gastos

b) (save, relieve)

to spare somebody something — \<\<trouble/embarrassment\>\> ahorrarle algo a alguien

spare me the details — ahórrate los detalles

c) (show mercy, consideration toward) perdonar

to spare somebody's life — perdonarle la vida a alguien

to spare somebody's feelings — no herir* los sentimientos de alguien

[spɛǝ(r)]
1. ADJ

1) (=extra) de más, de sobra; (=reserve) de reserva; (=free) libre

there's a spare blanket if you're cold — hay una manta de más or de sobra si tienes frío

take a spare pair of socks — llévate otro par de calcetines

I keep a spare pair of glasses — guardo unas gafas de reserva

I leave a spare key with the neighbours — dejo una llave de reserva en casa de los vecinos

I always keep a bit of spare cash for emergencies — siempre guardo un poco de dinero extra para emergencias

is there a seat spare? — ¿queda algún asiento libre?

is there any milk spare? — ¿queda leche?

have you got a spare jacket I could borrow? — ¿tienes otra chaqueta para prestarme?

I do it whenever I get a spare moment — lo hago cuando tengo un momento libre

spare time — tiempo m libre

• to go spare * — (=be available) sobrar, quedar; (Brit) (=get angry) ponerse como loco *

there are two tickets going spare — quedan or sobran dos entradas

the boss will go spare when he finds out — el jefe se pondrá como loco cuando se entere *

2) (=lean) [body, build] enjuto liter

3) (=sparse) liter austero, sobrio

2. N

1) (gen)

always carry a spare in case you have a puncture — lleve siempre una rueda de recambio or repuesto por si tiene un pinchazo

I've lost my toothbrush and I don't have a spare — he perdido el cepillo de dientes y no tengo otro

2) (also: spare part) (pieza f de) recambio m, (pieza f de) repuesto m, refacción f (Mex)

3. VT

1) (=make available)

can you spare the time? — ¿dispones del tiempo?, ¿tienes tiempo?

it's good of you to spare the time — es muy amable de su parte dedicarme (este) tiempo

I can spare you five minutes — le puedo conceder or dedicar cinco minutos

• to spare a thought for sb — pensar un momento en algn

2) (=do without)

can you spare this for a moment? — ¿me puedo llevar esto un momento?

if you can spare it — si no lo vas a necesitar

we can't spare him now — ahora no podemos prescindir de él

• we completed the job with three days to spare — terminamos el trabajo con tres días de antelación

I arrived at the station with two minutes/time to spare — llegué a la estación con dos minutos de antelación/con tiempo de sobra

there's enough and to spare — basta y sobra, hay más que suficiente para todos

3) (=be grudging with)

she spared no effort in helping me — no escatimó esfuerzos para ayudarme

they spared no expense in refurbishing the house — no repararon en or escatimaron gastos a la hora de renovar la casa

- spare the rod, spoil the child

4) (=show mercy to) perdonar

the fire spared nothing — el incendio no perdonó nada

• to spare sb's feelings — no herir los sentimientos de algn

• to spare sb's life — perdonar la vida a algn

5) (=save) ahorrar, evitar

• I'll spare you the gory details — me ahorraré los detalles escabrosos, te evitaré los detalles escabrosos

• to spare sb the trouble of doing sth — ahorrar or evitar a algn la molestia de hacer algo

I could have spared myself the trouble — podía haberme ahorrado or evitado la molestia
blush 1., 1)
4.

CPD

spare bedroom N — cuarto m de invitados, habitación f de invitados

spare part N — (pieza f de) repuesto m, (pieza f de) recambio m, refacción f (Mex)

spare room N — cuarto m de invitados, cuarto m para las visitas

spare tyre, spare tire (US) N — (Aut) neumático m de recambio, llanta f de recambio (LAm); (Brit) hum michelín m

spare wheel N — (Aut) rueda f de repuesto or recambio

* * *

I [sper, speə(r)]
adjective

a) ( not in use) de más

have you got a spare umbrella you could lend me? — ¿tienes un paraguas de más que me puedas prestar?

have you got any spare paper o (BrE also) any paper spare? — ¿tienes un poco de papel que no te haga falta?

to go spare — (BrE colloq) ( become distraught) enloquecerse*, volverse* loco; (lit: be available) sobrar

b) ( in case of need) (before n) <key/cartridge> de repuesto

c) ( free) libre

if you've got a spare minute — si tienes un minuto (libre)

II

noun

a) ( reserve)

I'll take a spare just in case — llevaré uno de repuesto por si acaso

b) spares pl ( spare parts) (BrE) repuestos mpl or (Méx) refacciones fpl

III

transitive verb

1)

a) ( do without)

can you spare your dictionary for a moment? — ¿me permites el diccionario un momento, si no lo necesitas?

if you can spare the time — si tienes or dispones de tiempo

b) ( give)

to spare (somebody) something: can you spare me a pound? ¿tienes una libra que me prestes/des?; can you spare me a few minutes? ¿tienes unos minutos?; to spare a thought for somebody — pensar* un momento en alguien

c)

to spare — (as adj)

there's food to spare — hay comida de sobra

have you got a few minutes to spare? — ¿tienes unos minutos?

we arrived at the station with half an hour to spare — llegamos a la estación con media hora de anticipación

2)

a) (keep from using, stint) (usu neg)

to spare no effort — no escatimar esfuerzos

to spare no expense — no reparar en gastos

b) (save, relieve)

to spare somebody something — \<\<trouble/embarrassment\>\> ahorrarle algo a alguien

spare me the details — ahórrate los detalles

c) (show mercy, consideration toward) perdonar

to spare somebody's life — perdonarle la vida a alguien

to spare somebody's feelings — no herir* los sentimientos de alguien

English-spanish dictionary > spare

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